The Nervous System

Question 1

The nervous system works with which other system to maintain Homeostasis?

Answer 1

Endocrine

Question 2

What is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 2

The nervous system is responsible for receiving information from outside of the body and transmitting that information between different parts of the body.
It is also responsible for transmitting information around the body.

Question 3

List the structure of the nervous system

Answer 3

Nerve cell/Neurone
The central nervous system
The peripheral nervous system

Question 4

What is the role of a neurone?

Answer 4

A neurone is a specialised cell designed to receive stimuli and transmit nerve impulses.

Question 5

List the structure of a neurone

Answer 5

Cell body, central nucleus, axons, dendrites

Question 6

What is the dendrites function?

Answer 6

Receive messages from other nerve cells

Question 7

What is the function of the axon?

Answer 7

The axon sends information one way from the nerve cell to the axon terminal. The axon terminal is where the electrical charge being sent from the nerve cell is changed into a chemical signal.

Question 8

What covers large axons?

Answer 8

The myelin sheath

Question 9

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

Answer 9

The myelin sheath acts as an insulator and helps speed up nerve impulses.

Question 10

How many axons does the nerve cell have?

Answer 10

one

Question 11

What are the breaks in the myelin sheath known as and what are their purpose?

Answer 11

Nodes of Ranvier and they help to transmit the nerve impulse

Question 12

Name the three main types of neurones

Answer 12

Sensory or afferent neurones
Motor or efferent neurones
Association or connecting neurones

Question 13

What sensations are transmitted by the sensory neurones?

Answer 13

heat,cold,pain,taste,smell,sight and hearing

Question 14

What are the functions of motor neurones?

Answer 14

To carry impulses away from the brain and the spinal cord taking messages to muscles and glands

Question 15

where are the association/connecting neurones found?

Answer 15

The brain and spinal cord

Question 16

What do association/connecting neurones connect?

Answer 16

sensory and motor neurones

Question 17

Name the two mains parts of the nervous system

Answer 17

The central nervous system (CNS)

The peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 18

The central nervous system consists of what?

Answer 18

The brain and spinal cord

Question 19

What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?

Answer 19

31 pairs of spinal nerves
12 pairs of cranial nerves
the autonomic nervous system

Question 20

Name the main facial nerves

Answer 20

Trigeminal nerves, ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular nerves (sensory nerves)
Facial nerves  (Supply the facial muscles of expression)
Olfactory nerves (sense of smell)

Question 21

Explain the somatic nervous system

Answer 21

Voluntary nervous system that is made of nerve fibres and sends information from the CNS to the muscles. It allows voluntary action. ( actions that you are aware of)

Question 22

Explain the autonomic nervous system

Answer 22

Ensures the internal organs and glands function smoothly. It allows the body to carry out involuntary action ( for example your heart beating)

Question 23

Name the two parts of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 23

The sympathetic nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system

Question 24

How do the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system work together?

Answer 24

They work together to regulate and balance the internal workings of the body but have opposite effects.

Question 25

Name some pathologies of the nervous system

Answer 25

Epilepsy, Bell’s palsy, cerebal palsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease

Question 26

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

a. Supports neurones and provides nutrients to help them conduct nerve impulses
b. Controls activities of the autonomic nervous system and the pituitary gland
c. Helps control balance and posture
d. Transmits messages between the cerebellum and the cerebrum

Answer 26

b. Controls activities of the autonomic nervous system and the pituitary gland

Question 27

Which part of the brain is the spinal cord attached to?

a. Cerebellum
b. Cerebrum
c. Pons
d. Medulla oblongata

Answer 27

b. Cerebrum

Question 28

The function of the spinal cord is to provide communication between the brain and all parts of the body:

True
False

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Which type of nerves are responsible for actions in times of stress and are made up of a network of interlaced nerves?

a. Parasympathetic
b. Motor
c. Sympathetic
d. Sensory

Answer 29

c. Sympathetic

Question 30

The fatty, insulating material around the axon is called:

a. Meninges
b. Semi-permeable membrane
c. Myelin sheath
d. Neurone

Answer 30

Myelin sheath

Question 31

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

a. 23
b. 31
c. 33
d. 42

Answer 31

b. 31

Question 32

The peripheral nervous system is concerned with nerves outside the central nervous system and is composed of which types of nerves?

a. Motor and sensory
b. Motor
c. Sensory
d. Motor, sensory and mixed nerves

Answer 32

d. Motor, sensory and mixed nerves

Question 33

Which type of nerves cause the heart rate to slow down, blood pressure to drop and the digestive system to become more active?

a. Parasympathetic
b. Motor
c. Sympathetic
d. Sensory

Answer 33

a. Parasympathetic