The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A

Break down complex chemicals to simple ones
Absorb simple chemicals
Assimilate products of digestion
Eliminate indigestible materials

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2
Q

What nutrients are essential for the body to function and repair?

A
Water
Carbohydrates – Including fibre (cellulose), sugar and starch
Proteins
Fats (Or lipids)
Vitamins
Minerals
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3
Q

Name the 2 types of carbohydrates:

A
Simple carbohydrates (Or monosaccharides)
Complex carbohydrates (or polysaccharides)
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4
Q

How does the body use proteins?

A

For growth and repair of tissue and to help in the production of hormones and enzymes.

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5
Q

How does the body use fats?

A

Transport and supply fat-soluble vitamins around the body

Provide energy and warmth

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6
Q

Name the 2 types of fats found in food:

A

Saturated fat

Unsaturated fat

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7
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

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8
Q

What is the active site of an enzyme?

A

The active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction

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9
Q

What does Catalyste mean?

A

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

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10
Q

Why are vitamins needed in the diet?

A

For normal functioning of the body

To help the body’s resistance to disease

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11
Q

Name the 2 types of vitamins:

A

Fat soluble vitamins including vitamin A, D, E and K. .

Water soluble vitamins include vitamins B and C.

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12
Q

What is the alimentary canal?

A

The alimentary canal is a long tube which is about 9m in length. It starts at the mouth and ends at the anus.

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13
Q

List the structure of the alimentary canal:

A
The mouth
The pharynx and oesophagus
The stomach
The small intestine
The large intestine
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14
Q

List the accessory organs that work alongside the alimentary canal:

A

The liver
The gall bladder
The pancreas

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