BLOOD SPECIMEN HANDLING AND PROCESSING

Question 1

Pre-examination Errors that occur prior to testing comprises ____% of all errors encountered for laboratory samples

Answer 1

46-56

Question 2

occur before the analytical portion of the testing occurs

Answer 2

Pre- analytical errors

Question 3

The most crucial and potentially most dangerous pre-examination error.

Answer 3

PATIENT IDENTIFICATION

Question 4

TOURNIQUET APPLICATION

No longer than __ minute

Answer 4

1 minute

Question 5

Tourniquet applied longer than 1 minute it will result to _______ and it will lead to destruction of RBC’s

Answer 5

hemoconcentration

Question 6

Tourniquet: _____ inches above the puncture site.

Answer 6

3-4

Question 7

Tourniquet: Increase the _______ blood pressure

Answer 7

intravascular

Question 8

reduction of fluid volume

Answer 8

Hemoconcentration

Question 9

inability to circulate lowers the pH and causes potassium to be forced out of blood cells.

Answer 9

Hemoconcentration

Question 10

Vigorous exercise INCREASES in

Answer 10

CK
AST
LDH
Bilirubin
creatinine
uric acid.

Question 11

• Increase in moderate exercise due to the increased metabolic activity of skeletal muscle

Answer 11

Lactate and Pyruvate

Question 12

NPO

Answer 12

Non Per Orem”

Question 13

Non Per Orem - Fasting

Answer 13

“No food and water intake”

Question 14

• Fasting time

Answer 14

8-12 hours no food

Question 15

FBS

Answer 15

8 hrs

Question 16

Lipid profile

Answer 16

12 hrs

Question 17

FBS and lipid profile

Answer 17

12 hrs

Question 18

triglycerides

Answer 18

12 hrs

Question 19

Drawn at time intervals because of medication or biological rhythms.

Answer 19

TIMED SAMPLES

Question 20

Diurnal effect: serum iron,
corticosteroids, and other hormones (____hours apart collection)

Answer 20

12

Question 21

There are certain analytes nga increase sa morning decrease sa evening example is

Answer 21

cortisol

Question 22

Common diurnal, cortisol test: drawn on patient at 8 am first extraction and the ___ pm second extraction

Answer 22

4

Question 23

EVACUATED TUBES
Incorrect volume of blood
• Less blood dilutional effect-RBCs ________ in size and

Answer 23

decreased

Too much blood clot

Question 24

T or F| Partially filled tubes cannot be poured together

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Povidone-Iodine (Betadine): for ______________ ONLY

Answer 25

blood culture collection

Question 26

Betadine increases

Answer 26

potassium phosphorus uric acid

Question 27

prevents the anticoagulant form one tube from contaminating the next tube

Answer 27

Collect order

Question 28

Common tests requiring chilling of specimens:

Answer 28

Ammonia Acid Phosphatase Catecholamines Lactic Acid pH/blood gasses

Question 29

Maintained at 37 degrees Celsius:

Answer 29

Cold agglutinins Cryoglobulin

Question 30

Cold agglutinins, Cryoglobulin and maintained at

Answer 30

37 celcius

Question 31

WARMING SAMPLES Maintained at body temperature Wrap the sample in a ______ or _____

Answer 31

heel warmer or warmer block

Question 32

- These analytes once expose sa light mag break down he result would be erroneous

Answer 32

Bilirubin Vitamin C, E, and K

Question 33

Tube used to prevent exposure to light

Answer 33

Amber Tube

Question 34

Most efficient method to protect the sample from light

Answer 34

Wrap in aluminum foil or carbon paper

Question 35

Labels must have the patient’s

Answer 35

complete name and hospital number or unique identifier

Question 36

Urine samples must have the label on the ______ and NOT on the ____.

Answer 36

container / lid

Question 37

Anticoagulated blood collection tubes must be at least ____ percent full.

Answer 37

75

Question 38

All coagulation tubes must be at least ___ percent full.

Answer 38

90

Question 39

Delays in centrifuging or processing a sample must be

Answer 39

free of clots

Question 40

Blood samples drawn above an _______________ are unacceptable.

Answer 40

intravenous (IV) injection site

Question 41

The sample must be _________ if the results are not consistent with previous results on the patient.

Answer 41

re-collected

Question 42

IATA

Answer 42

International Air Transport Association

Question 43

DGR

Answer 43

Dangerous Goods Regulations

Question 44

Infectious substance which, when exposure to it occurs, is capable of causing permanent disability, lifethreatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans or animals.

Answer 44

BIOLOGIC SUBSTANCE, Category A.

Question 45

An infectious substance that does not meet the criteria for inclusion in Category A.

Answer 45

BIOLOGIC SUBSTANCE, Category B.

Question 46

_______ of the sample must be maintained during shipment

Answer 46

Integrity

Question 47

Extreme variation in _________ must be avoided

Answer 47

temperature

Question 48

All _____ and _____ must be separated from the cells before transporting

Answer 48

serum and plasma

Question 49

WHOLE BLOOD Maintain the specimen at _____

Answer 49

room temperature.

Question 50

Do not place whole blood specimens in direct contact with

Answer 50

cool/ice.

Question 51

Do not centrifuge if the sample requirement is

Answer 51

whole blood.

Question 52

WHOLE BLOOD: STORAGE

Answer 52

Ref temp - 48 hrs

Question 53

WHOLE BLOOD TESTS

Answer 53

CBC Reticulocyte Count ESR

Question 54

PLASMA/SERUM Allow the sample to clot in an upright position within ________.

Answer 54

15-30 mins

Question 55

What must be done before centrifuging for plasma/ serum

Answer 55

Let it clot in an upright position for 15-30mins

Question 56

Why must sample for plasma/ serum be allowed to clot first before centrifuging?

Answer 56

It would be prone to hemolysis if it hasn’t clotted

Question 57

Samples for plasma/ serum must be centrifuged for about _____ at _____ RPM

Answer 57

15 mins at 2200-2500 RPM

Question 58

Plasma/ serum is separated using a

Answer 58

Pipette

Question 59

PLASMA/ SERUM SOTRAGE

Answer 59

Ref temp - 48hrs Frozen temp - 1yr

Question 60

PLASMA/ SERUM TESTS

Answer 60

Crosshatching Coagulation Test Chemistry Test Serology Test

Question 61

Ref temp

Answer 61

2-6 degree celcius

Question 62

Freezing temp

Answer 62

Below -20 degree celsius

Question 63

Room temp

Answer 63

20-25 degree celsius