Blood vessels

Question 1

What are the main arteries in the neck?

Answer 1

Carotid arteries
Vertebral arteries
Thyrocervical trunk

Question 2

Where does the right carotid artery arise from?

Answer 2

Bifurfaction of the brachiocephalic trunk

Question 3

Where does the left carotid artery arise from?

Answer 3

Arch of the aorta

Question 4

What is the route of the common carotid artery in the neck?

Answer 4

Ascend up the neck - lateral to trachea + oesophagus

Question 5

What level does the common carotid artery split?

Answer 5

C4

Question 6

What is the route of the external carotid artery?

Answer 6

Travels up neck

• posteriorly to mandibular neck
• anterior to lobule of ear

Ends in the parotid gland

Question 7

How many branches of the external carotid artery are there?

Answer 7

8

Question 8

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 8

Superior thyroid 
Lingual 
Facial 
Ascending pharyngeal
Occipital 
Posterior auricular
Maxillary 
Superficial temporal

Question 9

What arteries contribute to blood supply of the scalp?

Answer 9

Posterior auricular artery 
Occipital artery
Superficial temporal artery 
Supraorbital artery 
Supratrochlear artery

Question 10

What artery supplies the deep structures of the face?

Answer 10

Maxillary artery

Question 11

What arteries supply the superficial areas of the face?

Answer 11

Facial artery

Superficial temporal artery

Question 12

What is the route of the internal carotid artery?

Answer 12

Enters cranial cavity via carotid canal in petrous part of temporal bone

Question 13

What does the internal carotid artery supply?

Answer 13

Brain
Eyes
Forehead

Question 14

Where do the vertebral arteries arise?

Answer 14

Subclavian arteries

Question 15

What is the route of the vertebral arteries?

Answer 15

Arise from the subclavian arteries medial to anterior scalenes

Ascend posterior aspect of the neck - through holes in transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Enter cranium via foramen magnum

Converge to form the basilar artery

Question 16

What is the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 16

Joining of the right and left subclavian arteries

Question 17

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 17

Inferior thyroid artery
Ascending cervical artery
Transverse cervical artery
Suprascapular artery

Question 18

What does the inferior thyroid artery supply?

Answer 18

Thyroid gland

Question 19

What does the ascending cervical artery supply?

Answer 19

Posterior prevertebral muscles

Question 20

What does the transverse cervical artery supply?

Answer 20

Trapezius

Rhomboid muscles

Question 21

What does the suprascapular artery supply?

Answer 21

Posterior shoulder area

Question 22

What are the main veins of the head and neck?

Answer 22

External jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Internal jugular vein

Question 23

What does the external jugular vein drain?

Answer 23

External vein

Question 24

What forms the external jugular vein?

Answer 24

Union of

• posterior auricular vein
• retromandibular vein

Question 25

What does the posterior auricular vein drain?

Answer 25

Scalp - posterior and superior to ear

Question 26

What does the retromandibular vein drain?

Answer 26

Face

Question 27

What forms the retromandibular vein?

Answer 27

Maxillary vein | Superficial temporal vein

Question 28

What is the route of the external jugular vein?

Answer 28

Veins combine posterior to angle of mandible Descends down neck - in superficial fascia, anterior to SCM Passes under clavicle - drains in subclavian vein

Question 29

What tributaries does the external jugular vein receive?

Answer 29

Posterior external jugular vein Transverse cervical vein Suprascapular vein

Question 30

What does the anterior jugular vein drain?

Answer 30

Anterior neck

Question 31

What is the route of the anterior jugular vein?

Answer 31

Descend down midline of neck Empty into subclavian vein

Question 32

How does the internal jugular vein arise?

Answer 32

Continuation of the sigmoid sinus

Question 33

What is the route of the internal jugular vein?

Answer 33

Exits skull via jugular foramen Descends neck - in carotid sheath (deep to SCM, lateral to CCA) Combines with subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein

Question 34

What tributaries does the internal jugular vein receive?

Answer 34

``` Facial vein Lingual vein Occipital vein Superior thyroid vein Middle thyroid vein ```