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boards 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

how to splint achilles

A

equinus splint- 20 degrees

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2
Q

2 diastolic mrmurs

A

mitral stenosis and AI

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3
Q

which alcohol ingetstin has calcium oxylate crystals in urine

A

ethylene glycol

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4
Q

gold standard to dx myocarditis

A

myocardial biopsy

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5
Q

difference between transient synovitis and Legg calves perthe

A

recent viral illness - both have trouble walking on hip

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6
Q

test to see bile leak post chole

A

HIDA

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7
Q

holosystoolic murmur that radiates to base

A

acute MR

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8
Q

crescendo decresencdo murmur

A

AS

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9
Q

elevated osmolar gap > 10 causes

A

toxic EtOH, keto/lactic acidosis, CKD

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10
Q

this alcohol is metab to ketones and hchanges the OSM but not the anion gap

A

isopropyl

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11
Q

anion gap acdosis and OSM Gap Alchols

A

ethylene glycol (oxylaic) and methanol (formic acid)

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12
Q

dx cushings

A

inc 24 hours urine cortisol

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13
Q

elevated 24 hours 5oh indolacetic acid

A

carcinoid syndrome, flushign wheezing diarrhea pellagra

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14
Q

24 hour elevated urinar fracinnated metanephiirnes

A

pehochromocytoma

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15
Q

dialysis indication for lithium

A

> 5, CKD, AMS

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16
Q

treatment of erythema multifoorme

A

coritcosteroids

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17
Q

location for cric

A

inferiro to thyroid supeiror to cricoid

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18
Q

ototoxic drugs

A

gent/tobra, lasix/carbo/cisplatin

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19
Q

class 1, 2, 2, III of evidence

A

1- benefit&raquo_space;» risk, 2, reasonable, 2b consider, benefit equalt o risk, III risk greater tan benefit

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20
Q

san fram syncope CHESSS

A

CHF, HCT < 30, EKG abn, SOB, systolic <90

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21
Q

hyperpigmentation, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

A

addisons, AI, tx hydrocortisone

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22
Q

complication of RSV in kids

A

apnea

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23
Q

what to check on patella fx

A

extensor mechinism SLR

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24
Q

complication of burkitts lymphone and cause, labs

A

spontaneous lysis, EBC, LDH and uric acid elevated

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25
how to test for axillary N
sensation over lateral aspcect of shoulder
26
dementia with hallucinations
lewy body
27
rapid dementia, myoclonus, multiple neuro sxs
Prion CJD
28
etioloyg of mehthemembelgobin
oxidized from fe 2 to fe3+, fe cant bind o2, doenst imrpove with o2, chocolate brown blood- tx methlene blue - cause depsone, inhaled amyl nitrate, antimalairials, benzocaine
29
cause of tumors causeing hypercalcemia, hyponatremia
PTHRp and SIADH
30
mcc location osteosarcoma in kids
distal femur, lytic, sunburst
31
warfarin blocks whic factors
II VII XI X C s- reverse with vit k FPP PCC
32
reverse enoxaparin
protamine sulfate
33
vag infxn, white, ph < 4.5, no amine with KOH, pseudohyphae
candida
34
vag infxn green yellow frothy, Ph >5, postiive amine with KOH
Trichomonas
35
vag with >4.5 ph, potitve amine KOH, clue cells
BV
36
pentad for TTP
cNS, renal, hemolytic aneimia, TCP - similar to HELLP, tx PLASMA ECHANGE PHERESIS
37
child with abd pain, bloody stool non blacnhing rash, HSM, sluggish cap refill, ARF
HUS
38
acute renal failure, TCP, anemia (MIHA)
shiga toxin of ecoli
39
n v blood diarrhea in kid with TCP anemia oliguria seziures
HSU- e coli enterocolitis - 50% require dialysis
40
pansystolic murmur louder during inspiration
tricuspid regurg- casuess JVD, distringuishes from MR by inspiration
41
cause of mitral valve prolapse
myxomatous degen
42
seizure cause during a deep dive
oxygen toxicity
43
infalmmation fo glans of penis frmo candida
balanitis
44
neonate with lip smacking, eye deviation, staring, blinking, bicycling
neonatal seizure, tx phenobarb, full septic work up
45
mcc seizure neonate
withdrawal from mother
46
valproic acid tox- n v ams hyperammonia tx?
activated charcoial
47
heinz bodies, bite cells on smear, x linked recessive
g6pd
48
causes of g6pd
antimalarials, sulfa, nitrofurantoin, fava, infection- Asian/AA - cant make NADPH- no gluthaionte to destroy free radicals- oxidative stres and hemolytic anemia
49
tx malignant hyperthemia of pheochromocytoma
phentoalmine and bb locker
50
mcc solid tumro in kids
wilms tumor- nephroblastoma- WAGR- wilms, aniriida, GU, RETARD
51
cause of bullous pemphigoid
autoab against BM
52
b1 vs b2 agonisteffects
b1- chrono/ino, b2 bronchodil
53
low calciu, high phos, recent surgery
hypoPTH- low PHT- chovstek/troussue eigns
54
mcc trausnfiosn rxn
febrile reaction
55
when do you need irradiatd blood
GVHD - IC patients
56
hemolytic transfuiosn rxn caused by what? tx?
abo incompat- stop, IVf, diuretics
57
noncaseating granulomas, hilar adenopathy, hypercalcemia
sarcoidoisis- tx glucoccoirtoids, have elevated serum ACE, lupus pernio rahs on cheeks nose
58
tx for thyoid storm
B blockers then thionamids (PTU) then iondine then glucocoerticoids then cholestyrpamine
59
mcc head and neck tumor in kids
hodgkins- B sxs- Reed sternberg owl eeys- assn EBV
60
MC hemopoetic neoplasm
non hodgkins- multiple periphera nodes, HIV/AI
61
type 1 HYP
IGE, anaphylasixs- urticaria angioedema- 2 exposures
62
type 2 HPY
cytotoxic IGG or IGM - complement AIHA , good pasterus
63
type 3 HPY
Immune COMPLX- IGG IGM compleent - SE RA serum sickness
64
type Iv HPY
cell mediated- delayed- t cells- dermatits, TB transplant
65
reversible causes of dementia
depresison, hypothyroid, b12, hiv, neurosyph, OSA
66
hematuria, HTN, periorbital edema
ppost strep GN- GABHS, mcc infectious acute GN
67
infectios from rabbit, ulceroglandular
tularemia, tx steroptmycin
68
tick born with spiking fever, RBC hemolysis, thick thins shows rings and tetrads
babeosis

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