Body Composition

Question 1

What are the major structural components

Answer 1

Muscle
Fat
Bone

Question 2

Fat stored in bone marrow, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, intenstines, muscles, and lipid rich tissue of CNS

Answer 2

Essential Fat

Males: 3%

Females: 12%

Question 3

In female, essential fat includes

Answer 3

sex specific/characteristic fat.

Question 4

fat that accumulates in adipose tissue?

Answer 4

storage fat

female 15%
males 12%

Question 5

contains small % of essential fat stores within CNS bone marrow and internal organs?

no fat at all?

Answer 5

Lean body mass

Fat free mass

Question 6

females with low body fat increase chance of

Answer 6

delayed onset of menstruation
irregular cycles

increased risk of MS injury during vigorous exercise.

Question 7

for bodyfat and menstruation, 17% is for

22% is

Answer 7

onset of menstruation

to sustain normal cycle.

Question 8

If body fat is to low, body senses energy reserves are inadequate to sustain

Answer 8

pregnancy

hormonal disturbances are triggered with low body fat.

Question 9

hormone made by fat cells which regulates amount of fat stored in body. “satiety” hormone

Answer 9

Leptin.

Question 10

critical blood leptin level necessary to trigger

Answer 10

reproductive ability in females.

Question 11

leptin is mediator b/w

Answer 11

adipose tissue and gonads.

Question 12

onset of menarche is closely related with achievement of

Answer 12

certain body weight or percent body fat.

Question 13

females who start training early show lower lifetime occurrences of

Answer 13

CA in breast/ovaries.

Question 14

women who workout 4 hours a week decrease risk of CA by

why?

Answer 14

50%

less production of estrogen over lifetime.

Question 15

losing weight can prevent 1 of __ cancers.

can account for what percentages.

Answer 15

6

14% men

20% female.

men is pancreas/liver/prostate/stomach.

Question 16

there is no link between excess fat and

Answer 16

brain skin or bladder CA

Question 17

what are the somatotypes

Answer 17

ectomorph
mesomorph
endomorph

Question 18

derived from body mass and stature

Answer 18

BMI

Question 19

BMI classifications?

Answer 19

18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
>29.9 obese

Question 20

duration of exercise has effect on

Answer 20

fat loss.

Question 21

what alters body comp?

Answer 21

circuit-resistance

Question 22

weight loss occurs with how much work?

Answer 22

5x per week

500-1000 cal/ 300 mins.

Question 23

more lean tissue is lost when body mass is reduced by

Answer 23

diet alone.

Question 24

aerobic exercise shrinks

Answer 24

fat cells.

Question 25

excess weight gain parallels with ____ more than ___

Answer 25

reduced activity increased caloric intake.

Question 26

Is spot reduction possible

Answer 26

hell naw.

Question 27

excess enlargement of body's total quantity of fat or excess storage of energy in adipose tissue

Answer 27

Obesity. men above 20% women above 30%

Question 28

in last 30 years, obesity has

Answer 28

tripled.

Question 29

if ur obese as a child, how likely will u be obese as adult?

Answer 29

3x more.

Question 30

how much weight do women put on between 24-34

Answer 30

30 lbs.

Question 31

what are some biochemical factors of obesity

Answer 31

DIT Fidgeting Basal Body Temp Brown Fat

Question 32

About 25% of variation of body fat and total fat determined by what about the 30%

Answer 32

genetics. cultural effect.

Question 33

overweight and obesity are associated with increased overall

Answer 33

rate of death

Question 34

obesity is an independent and powerful risk factor of

Answer 34

heart disease

Question 35

male pattern of obesity? female?

Answer 35

upper body/abs lower body/hips/thighs

Question 36

Upper body obesity at risk for

Answer 36

``` CAD HTN Stroke elevated blood lipid Diabetes. ```

Question 37

where is there more metabolically active fat?

Answer 37

upper body.

Question 38

structural diff in adipose tissue in obese vs non obese is

Answer 38

cell number. 25-30 billion (non obese) 260 billion obese

Question 39

only form of exercise to shrink fat cells

Answer 39

aerobic exercise

Question 40

Extremes of dietary protein cause suppression of appetite through

Answer 40

reliance of lipid metabolism and ketone formation.

Question 41

hazards of high protein diet

Answer 41

bad for kidney and liver electrolyte imbalance lean-tissue loss

Question 42

ketogenic diets emphasize

Answer 42

CHO restriction.