bonding and properties of matter Flashcards
(33 cards)
What occurs between metals and non-metals?
Ionic bonding occurs between metals and non-metals.
What do metal atoms do to form positive ions?
Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions.
What do non-metal atoms tend to gain to form negative ions?
Non-metal atoms tend to gain electrons to form negative ions.
What holds ionic compounds together?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What type of structure do ionic compounds form?
Ionic compounds form giant lattices.
What are the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?
Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
Do ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid?
No, ionic compounds do not conduct electricity when solid.
When can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When melted or dissolved.
What type of bonds are formed when non-metal atoms share pairs of electrons?
Covalent bonds are formed.
Are covalent bonds strong or weak?
Covalent bonds are strong.
What do many covalent compounds consist of?
Small, simple molecules.
What state are many covalent compounds usually in?
Gases or liquids with low melting and boiling points.
What type of forces exist between small covalent molecules?
Weak intermolecular forces.
What breaks when small covalent substances are heated?
The intermolecular forces break, not the covalent bonds.
Do simple covalent molecules conduct electricity?
No, they do not conduct electricity.
What are polymers?
Very large molecules held together by strong covalent bonds.
What are some examples of covalently bonded substances with giant structures?
Silicon dioxide, diamond, and graphite.
What are the melting and boiling points of giant covalent structures?
Very high melting and boiling points.
What are the different forms of carbon?
Diamond, graphite, graphene, and fullerenes.
How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in diamond?
Each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds.
Why is diamond very hard?
It is held together by strong covalent bonds.
Does diamond conduct electricity?
No, diamond does not conduct electricity.
What is the structure of graphite?
Layers of hexagonal rings with each carbon atom bonded to 3 others.
Why is graphite soft and slippery?
The layers of atoms can slide over each other.
