the periodic table

Question 1

How were elements ordered before the discovery of protons, electrons, and neutrons?

Answer 1

By their atomic weight.

Question 2

Who placed elements in more appropriate places on the periodic table?

Answer 2

Mendeleev.

Question 3

What did Mendeleev do to show patterns among elements?

Answer 3

Grouped elements with similar properties.

Question 4

What did Mendeleev sometimes leave in the periodic table?

Answer 4

Gaps.

Question 5

What is the arrangement of elements on the modern periodic table based on?

Answer 5

Increasing atomic number.

Question 6

What are the columns on the periodic table called?

Answer 6

Groups.

Question 7

The number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom corresponds to what?

Answer 7

Its group on the periodic table.

Question 8

What do elements in the same group have in common?

Answer 8

Similar properties.

Question 9

What are Group 0 elements called?

Answer 9

Noble gases.

Question 10

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 10

Very stable electron arrangement (full outer shell).

Question 11

What happens to the boiling point of noble gases as you go down the group?

Answer 11

It increases with increasing relative atomic mass.

Question 12

What is the relationship between boiling point and condensing point?

Answer 12

They are the same temperature.

Question 13

What are Group 1 elements known as?

Answer 13

Alkali metals.

Question 14

How many electrons do all Group 1 atoms have in their outer energy level?

Answer 14

1 electron.

Question 15

What is the reactivity of Group 1 metals?

Answer 15

Very reactive.

Question 16

What do Group 1 metals do when they react?

Answer 16

Lose their outer electron to form a full outer energy level.

Question 17

How are Group 1 metals stored?

Answer 17

In oil to prevent oxidation.

Question 18

What characteristic do Group 1 metals have regarding density?

Answer 18

Low densities and float in water.

Question 19

What do Group 1 metals produce when they react with water?

Answer 19

An alkaline solution of the metal hydroxide plus hydrogen gas.

Question 20

What do Group 1 metals react with to produce metal halides?

Answer 20

Halogens.

Question 21

What is the trend in reactivity of Group 1 metals?

Answer 21

Increases as you go down the group.

Question 22

What are Group 7 elements known as?

Answer 22

Halogens.

Question 23

How do Group 7 elements react?

Answer 23

In a similar way as they all have 7 electrons in their outer shell.

Question 24

What type of molecules do Group 7 elements consist of?

Answer 24

Molecules made of pairs of atoms (e.g., Br2).

Question 25

What happens to the melting and boiling points of Group 7 elements as you go down the group?

Answer 25

They increase.

Question 26

What is the trend in reactivity of Group 7 elements?

Answer 26

Decreases as you go down the group.

Question 27

What charge do halogens form when reacting with metals?

Answer 27

1-.

Question 28

What does a more reactive halogen do to a less reactive halogen?

Answer 28

Displace it from a compound.

Question 29

How do halogens form covalent molecules?

Answer 29

By sharing electrons with other non-metals.

Question 30

Where are metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 30

In the center and to the left and bottom.

Question 31

What do metals react to form?

Answer 31

Positive ions.

Question 32

How are the atoms in metals arranged?

Answer 32

Closely packed together in regular layers.

Question 33

What creates strong metallic bonding in metals?

Answer 33

Delocalised electrons moving throughout the metallic lattice.

Question 34

What is true about the melting and boiling points of most metals?

Answer 34

They have high melting and boiling points.

Question 35

What property allows metals to be bent and shaped?

Answer 35

Layers of atoms can slide over each other.

Question 36

What are alloys?

Answer 36

Mixtures of a metal with other elements.

Question 37

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Answer 37

Layers are distorted and cannot slide.

Question 38

Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

Answer 38

Delocalised electrons move through the structure.

Question 39

What makes metals good conductors of heat?

Answer 39

Delocalised electrons can transfer thermal energy.

Question 40

How do transition metals compare to Group 1 metals regarding melting points?

Answer 40

Transition metals have higher melting points.

Question 41

How do transition metals compare to Group 1 metals in terms of reactivity?

Answer 41

Transition metals are less reactive.

Question 42

What are some characteristics of transition metal elements?

Answer 42

* Ions with different charges * Form colored compounds * Useful as catalysts.