Bone and Joint Anatomy

Question 1

How many menisci are in a dog?

Answer 1

6 medial and lateral each knee and 4 temporal mandibular jt

Question 2

How much weight do dogs put on forelimbs?

Answer 2

60%

Question 3

What is weakest part of humerus?

Answer 3

Lateral epicondyle

Question 4

Where is major weightbearing surface of humerus?

Answer 4

Medial epicondyle

Question 5

Where does the majority of support of the scapulohumeral joint come from?

Answer 5

Joint capsule and surrounding mm

Question 6

True or false Dogs have clavicle

Answer 6

False Cats do

Question 7

What joint motions does the shoulder have?

Answer 7

Flexion, Extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction

Question 8

What is purpose of interosseous ligament?

Answer 8

Keeps ulna and radius from separating

Question 9

What is function of Anconeal process?

Answer 9

Provides stability in standing position

Question 10

What is the primary weight bearing region of the radius and ulna?

Answer 10

Radial head

Question 11

What is most important joint in forelimb for ambulation?

Answer 11

Elbow

Question 12

What motions does the elbow joint have?

Answer 12

Flexion and extension

Question 13

Which side of the elbow has flexors and which has extensors?

Answer 13

Flexors- Medial side

Extensors-Lateral side

Question 14

What serves as the attachment for the Triceps muscle?

Answer 14

Olecranon

Question 15

How many heads does the triceps brachii muscle have in dogs?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

What ligaments maintain elbow stability?

Answer 16

Medial, Lateral, and annular

Question 17

What bones make up the carpus?

Answer 17

Distal radius and ulna,2 rows of carpal bones, proximal ends of metacarpal bones

Question 18

True or false Collateral ligaments completely span the entire carpus

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is the attachment of the gluteal mm?

Answer 19

Greater trochanter

Question 20

What bony landmark should use assess for sacroiliac luxation?

Answer 20

Tuber sacrale

Question 21

What bony landmark should be assessed for hip luxation?

Answer 21

Ischiatic tuberosity

Question 22

What is the primary function of the rear limbs?

Answer 22

Propulsion

Question 23

What is the major weightbearing portion of the rear limbs?

Answer 23

Cranial 2/3 of acetabulum

Question 24

How much of the femoral head should be covered by the acetabulum?

Answer 24

50%

Question 25

What are the primary stabilizing structures of the hip joint?

Answer 25

Joint capsule and round ligament of the head of the femur

Question 26

What direction is hip luxation usually?

Answer 26

Cranial dorsal

Question 27

What makes up the stifle? (14)

Answer 27

Femoral condyles, patella, tibial condyle, medial and lateral meniscus, cranial and caudal cruciates, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, long digital extensor tendon, jt capsule, medial and lateral fabellas, popliteal sesamoids

Question 28

What is the most important stabilizing structure in the stifle?

Answer 28

Cranial cruciate ligament

Question 29

What is the function of the Cranial Cruciate ligament?

Answer 29

Limits cranial drawer, hyperextension, and internal rotation of tibia

Question 30

What is purpose and medial and lateral menisci?

Answer 30

Contribute to stability, congruence, and act as shock absorbers. Help stabilized femoral condyles from rolling forward.

Question 31

Which meniscus is commonly damaged with CCL rupture and why?

Answer 31

Medial due to cranial horn being firmly attached to tibia

Question 32

Which bones make up proximal row of tarsus bones?

Answer 32

Talus and calcaneus

Question 33

What bones make up middle row of tarsal bones?

Answer 33

Central tarsal and part of 4th tarsal

Question 34

WHat bones make up distal row of tarsal bones?

Answer 34

1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th tarsal bones