Bone Physiology Flashcards
(72 cards)
0
Q
Bone cavity
A
Medullary cavity
1
Q
Long bone ends
A
Epiphysis
2
Q
Bone-forming cell
A
Osteoblasts
3
Q
Precedes bone tissue on a long bone
A
Hyaline cartilage
4
Q
Canals deep into the bone
A
Perforating and central
5
Q
Tightly packed bone
A
Compact bone
6
Q
Bone shaft
A
Diaphysis
7
Q
Isolated bone cell
A
Osteocyte
8
Q
Spongy bone
A
Cancellous bone
9
Q
Tiny channels that radiate through the bone matrix
A
Canculicli
10
Q
Outer covering of bone
A
Periosteum
11
Q
Bone unit
A
Osteon
12
Q
Chambers around each bone cell
A
Progenitor
13
Q
Bone-eroding cell
A
Osteoclast
14
Q
Bone matrix composed of this
A
Hydroxyapatite
15
Q
Covering at ends of long bone
A
Hyaline cart
16
Q
Lining of marrow cavity
A
Endosteum
17
Q
Rings within a single bone unit
A
Concentric
18
Q
Rings between bone units
A
Interstitial
19
Q
Area of bone growth
A
Epiphyseal plate
20
Q
Clast
A
Breakdowns
21
Q
Blast
A
Makes
22
Q
Cyte
A
Maintains
23
Q
Hydroxyapatite
A
Ground substance in bone
24
Osteoid
G.s with calcium
25
Primary ossification center location
Diaphysis
26
2ndary ossification center
Ends of the bone
27
Remodeling
Restructuring
28
Osteolysis
Bone destroying
29
Osteogenesis
Bone making
30
Myosotis ossification a
Skeletal muscle turns to bone
31
Acromegaly
G.H. Released after puberty stops
32
Osteomalacia
Tickets, lack of vitamin D and calcium in diet
33
Osteogenesis imperfectca
Your collagen is not bundled and their in chaos. Fragile bones
34
Marian's syndrome
Extra wide epi plates
35
Achondroplasia
Slow growth of epidural cartilage
36
Osteoporosis
Deals with estrogen
37
Why don't toddlers break more bones, given the fact that they are falling constantly?
They still have growth plate
38
Why does applying a heavy plaster cast help a bone to heal faster
Applying weight to the bone stimulates calcium release
39
Increased fibroblast activity
Scurvy
40
Decreased chondroblast activity
Osteoarthritis
41
Increased hormone levels
Gigantism
42
Decreased hormone levels
Pituitary dwarf
43
Osteoporgenitor
Leg river mesenchymal cell that hang around your Skelton
44
Where are the osteoprogenitors located
Periosteum endosteum
45
Osteoblast
Actively makes fibers and matrix
46
Osteoid
Organics before calcium deposits
47
Osteocytes
Mature bone and maintains matrix, monitoring protein and mineral content. Cannot divide.
48
What space so osteocytes occupy
Lacunae
49
Progenitor divides
Lamellae
50
Canaliculi
Tiny extensions of cytoplasm that are used as passage ways to get nutrients from the central canal to the cells
51
Osteoclast
Breaks down bone matrix
52
Osteolysis
Acids and enzymes dissolve bone matrix
53
Central canal
Capillary and venuele, parallel to bone surface
54
Perforating canal
Perpendicular to bone surface, feeds marrow and deep osteocytes
55
Lamellae
Matrix layer
56
3 varties of lamellae
Concentric
Interstitial
Circumferential
57
Cancellous bone
No patrons instead has trabeculae
58
Outer fibrous layer-
dense irregular c.t., some of the collagen fibers weave into the bone itself, sharpeys fibers
59
Inner cellular later
Elastic fibers and osteoclasts
60
Periosteum functions
Isolated bone from whatever's around it
provides an easy route for vessels and nerves
Important in growth and repair
61
Endosteum
Lines marrow cavity and lines canal, covers trabeculae, matrix exposed
62
Intramembranous ossification
Bone from mesenchymal makes dermal bones
63
Dermal bones
Flat bones of skull, mandjble, clavicle, plus
64
Ectopic/heterotrophic bones
Form in areas of high tension
65
Endochondral O
Bone from cartilage. More common
66
Appositional growth
Width matrix layers added to outside of bone shaft
67
Interstitial
Length, Epiphyseal plate at metaphysics made of cartilage
68
What happens when bone growth outpaced cartilage growth?
The Epiphyseal plate turns into the Epiphyseal line, no more interstitial growth can occur
69
Excessive effects on bone
Weight bearing excercjses causes muscles and tendons to grow in size
70
Parathyroid hormone
Increase osteoclasts activity
| Elevates calcium levels in body fluids
71
Calcitonin
Decreased osteoclasts activity, reduces calcium in the body
