Brain

Question 1

Name the different sulcus on the brain.

Answer 1

Central, lateral, parieto-occipital, calcarine sulcus

Question 2

What are the three types of fibre in the cerebrum?

Answer 2

Commissural fibres

Association fibres

Projection fibres

Question 3

What are the measurements of the pituitary gland?

Answer 3

12mm transverse, 8mm AP, 9mm high

Question 4

Explain the relationship between cranial nerves and the brainstem

Answer 4

3 - between midbrain peduncles anterior

4 - dorsal surface of midbrain and winds around lateral aspect

5 - anterolateral pons

6 - junction of medulla close to midline

7/8 - junction with medulla laterally (CPA)

9/10 - posterior to olive

11 - inferior to 10 and cervical roots from upper spinal cord

12 - several roots anterior to olive

Question 5

Name all the subarachnoid cisterns.

Answer 5

Cisterna magna - behind medulla

Pontine cistern - prepontine

Interpeduncular cistern - between midbrain and dorsum sellae

Quadrigeminal cistern - posterior to quadrigeminal plate

Velum interpositum - beneath splenium

Ambient - lateral midbrains

Suprasellar - above pit fossa

Pericallosal - superior to pericallosal

Question 6

What are the branches of the internal carotid artery?

Answer 6

No branches cervical

Petrous part - caroticotympanic, pterygoid

Cavernous part - cavernous, meningohypophyseal

Opthalmic
Posterior communicating
Anterior choroidal
Striate
Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral

Question 7

What are the branches of the anterior cerebral?

Answer 7

Anterior communicating
Orbitofrontal
Frontopolar
Callosomarginal
Pericallosal
Central branches

Question 8

What are the branches of the middle cerebral artery?

Answer 8

Medial and lateral striate artery
Cortical branches - frontal, parietal, angular, superior temporal

Question 9

What are the branches of the vertebral artery?

Answer 9

Neck:
Spinal branches
Muscular branches

Skull:
Meningeal branch
Posterior spinal
Anterior spinal
Branches to MO
PICA - medial branch, lateral branch

Question 10

What are the branches of the basilar artery?

Answer 10

Pontine
Labyrinthine
AICA
Superior cerebellar
Right and left posterior cerebral arteries

Question 11

What are the branches of the posterior cerebral arteries?

Answer 11

Small branches
Thalamostriate
Medial and lateral posterior choroidal
Cortical branches - posterior temporal, internal occipital

Question 12

Describe the venous drainage of the brain.

Answer 12

Superior sagittal sinus, ISS, great cerebral vein - straight sinus - transverse sinus - sigmoid sinus - IJV

Cavernous sinus drains into superior and inferior petrosal sinus

Superficial:
Anastomotic veins, superficial middle cerebral vein - transverse sinus

Deep:
Choroid, septal, thalamostraiate
Internal cerebral, vein of Galen, basal vein

Posterior:
Anterior pontomesencephalic vein, posterior PMC vein, precentral cerebellar, superior and inferior vermian, pontine, inferior medullary