Thorax Flashcards
(12 cards)
Describe the blood supply to the intercostal spaces.
Posterior:
Upper 2 - SIA
Lower 9 - thoracic aorta
Anterior:
Upper six - internal thoracic artery
Lower 3 - mscp artery
Describe the ligaments of the diaphragm and it’s attachments
Right crus - L1 to L3
Left crus - L1 to L2
Medial arcuate - body of L2 to transverse process of L1
Lateral arcuate - transverse process L1 to 12th rib
Median arcuate - medial parts of crura, anterior to aorta
Describe the openings in the diaphragm.
Aortic - t12, with thoracic duct and azygos vein and aorta
Oesophageal - t10, vagal trunks, left gastric VAL.
Caval - t8, right phrenic nerve
Name the branches of the right coronary artery.
Conus
Atrial and ventricular branches
Branches to SA node
Acute marginal branches
Branches to AV node
Posterior IV
Name the branches of the left coronary artery.
Left circumflex - septal branches, diagonal branches, RV branch
Anterior descending - obtuse marginal branch, atrial branches
Describe the venous supply of the heart.
Great cardiac veins, middle cardiac, small cardiac, left posterior ventricular, anterior cardiac - coronary sinus
Describe the branches of the aortic arch.
Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
Describe the common variations in aortic arch branches.
Vertebral artery from arch
Left brachiocephalic
Left cc from brachiocephalic
Aberrant right subclavian artery
Name the branches of the descending aorta.
Nine posterior intercostals
Subcostal
Bronchial
4 to five oesophageal
Mediastinal
Phrenic branches
Pericardial branches
Describe the pathway of the thoracic duct.
From cysterna chyli (behind right crus anterior to L1 and L2) drains to left subclavian vein.
Drains left thorax, left head and neck, left subclavian trunk (left arm). Also drains abdomen and legs through cysterna chyli.
Describe the azygos system.
Azygos on right
Hemiazygos and accessory azygos on left
Azygos from IVC at L2, drains to SVC. Receive all but 1st ICV on right.
Hemiazygis and accessory drains to azygos at midthorax. Hemiazygos 9 to 12, accessory azygos 4 to 8.
Describe the pathways of the 4 NB nerves in the mediastinum.
Vagus - enters superior mediastinum, thought to oeshopogeal hiatus
Recurrent laryngeal - off vagus nerve, on right winds around subclavian artery. On left winds around aortic arch.
Phrenic - from 3rd to 5th cervical nerves and motor supply to diaphragm.
Sympathetic trunk - posterior mediastinum, through diaphragm behind medial arcuate ligament and continues as lumbar sympathetic trunk.
