brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

general function of brainstem

A

transfer information between brain and spinal cord

- relay sensory and motor information

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2
Q

what is the purpose of the reticular formation?

A

maintenance of consciousness

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3
Q

boundaries of the posterior fossa

A

floor - occipital bone
roof - tentorium cerebelli
contents - cerebellum and brainstem

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4
Q

collectively, the superior and inferior colliculi are called..?

A

tectum

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5
Q

superior colliculus communicates with _________ about _________?

A

superior colliculus
lateral geniculate
optic functions

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6
Q

inferior colliculus communicates with __________ about __________?

A

auditory information
inferior colliculus
via medial geniculate

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7
Q

how many cerebellar peduncles are there?

A

6; 3 on each side. (SCP/MCP/ICP)

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8
Q

where are each of the cerebellar peduncles located?

A

SCP - midbrain
MCP - pons
ICP - medulla

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9
Q

where are the cerebral peduncles located?

A

midbrain

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10
Q

what arises from the olivary nucleus?

A

climbing fibers to the dentate nucleus of cerebellum

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11
Q

what are the internal arcuate fibers

A
  • crossing fibers of the DCP

- cross from n. gracilis/cuneate => midline => medial lemniscus

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12
Q

spinal trigeminal tract pathway

A
  1. face
  2. semilunar ganglion
  3. pons
  4. travels down the cervical spinal cord
  5. synapses on the spinal trigeminal nucleus
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13
Q

what does the spinal trigeminal tract relay?

A

pain and temperature (free nerve endings

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14
Q

cerebellar peduncles are on the ____ side, whereas cerebral peduncles are on the _____ side.

A
cerebellar = posterior
cerebral = ventral
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15
Q

what is the function of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF?)

A
  • coordination of cranial nuclei 3, 4, 6
  • spinal reflexes
  • coordination of eye and neck movements
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16
Q

what are the deep cerebellar nuclei?

A

fat guys eat donuts (Medial to Lateral)

  • fastigial
  • globose
  • emboliform
  • dentate
17
Q

what is important about the pontine gray?

A

contains the pontocerebellar fibers (mossy fibers) traveling from the pons to the MCP

18
Q

what sits in front of the pons?

A

basilar artery

19
Q

how does the medial lemniscus enter the thalamus?

A

“feet first”

recall: arms = lateral, feet = medial…

20
Q

where do the SCP cross?

A

caudal midbrain

21
Q

what do the decussated SCP form?

A

red nucleus - involved in movement

22
Q

what is the mnemonic for the neurotransmitter nuclei?

A

SE Raphe’s Substantial Dopey Blue NE’s

Uncle Meynert has trouble remembering to move his cholinergics

23
Q

noradrenaline nucleus

A

locus ceruleus
located at junction of pons and midbrain
projects t/o CNS

24
Q

dopamine nucleus

A

substantia nigra
found in rostral midbrain
lesions => parkinson’s

25
Q

lesions in the ventral tegmental area lead to?

A

mental illness

26
Q

serotonin nucleus

A

raphe’s nucleus
emerges in caudal pons
projects throughout CNS

27
Q

acetylcholine nuclei

A
nucleus of Meynert (cerebral projections)
septal nuclei (hippocampal projections)
28
Q

destruction of acetylcholine pathways is associated with

A

alzheimers