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Neuroanatomy > cranial nerves and nuclei > Flashcards

cranial nerves and nuclei Flashcards

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1
Q

General Visceral Afferent (GVA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 7, 9, 10
Fxn: visceral pain

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2
Q

Special Visceral Afferent (SVA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 1, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: taste and smell

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3
Q

General Visceral Efferent (GVE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 3, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: motor innervation to smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels

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4
Q

General Somatic Afferent (GSA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 5, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: pain, temperature, proprioception

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5
Q

Special Visceral Efferent (SVE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 5, 7, 9, 10, 11
Fxn: motor innervation to branchial muscles, mastication, and facial expression

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6
Q

Special Somatic Afferent (SSA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 2, 8
Fxn: eyes and ears

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7
Q

General Somatic Efferent (GSE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 3, 4, 6, 12
Fxn: skeletal muscles

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8
Q

what is the attachment for CN1 (olfactory)?

A

olfactory bulb

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9
Q

what is the foramen for CN1?

A

cribiform plate

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10
Q

what is the functional component of CN1?

A

SVA

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11
Q

what is the nucleus for CN1?

A

olfactory mucosa

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12
Q

what structures does the CN1 innervate?

A

olfactory nasal mucosa

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13
Q

what is the route for olfactory nerve?

A

olfactory nerve => cribiform plate => olfactory bulb => olfactory tract => olfactory stria

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14
Q

what is the attachment for CN2 (optic?)

A

optic chiasm

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15
Q

what is the foramen for CN2?

A

optic canal

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16
Q

what is the functional component for CN2?

A

SSA

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17
Q

what is the nucleus for CN2?

A

lateral geniculate body

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18
Q

what does CN2 innervate?

A

retina

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19
Q

what is the route for CN2?

A

retina => optic nerve => optic chiasm => optic foramen => optic tract => lateral geniculate body => area 17 visual cortex

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20
Q

what is the attachment for CN3?

A

interpeduncular fossa

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21
Q

what is the foramen for CN3?

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

what functional components for CN3?

A

GVE

GSE

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23
Q

nucleus for CN3?

A

GVE - edinger-westphal

GSE - oculomotor

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24
Q

innervations for CN3?

A

GVE - EWN - sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles (parasympathetic, small pupil, fat lens)

GSE - oculomotor - all extraocular muscles except LR6SO4

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25
The GVE component of CN3 goes through which ganglion?
ciliary ganglion
26
what happens if CN3 is damaged?
pupils remain fixed and dilated
27
what is the attachment for CN4?
superior medullary velum
28
what is the foramen for CN4?
superior orbital fissure
29
what is the functional component of CN4?
GSE
30
what is the nucleus for CN4?
trochlear nucleus
31
what is the innervation of CN4?
superior oblique muscle
32
what is unique about CN4?
- longest intracranial exposure - only nerve to exit from the posterior brainstem - only nerve that crosses
33
route of CN4?
trochlear nucleus => crosses IC => posterior brainstem => cavernous sinus => superior orbital fissure => superior oblique muscle
34
what are the 3 parts of the trigeminal nerve?
1. ophthalmic 2. maxillary 3. mandibular
35
what is the attachment for CN5?
lateral pons
36
what are the foramen and innervations for ophthalmic V1?
superior orbital fissure | skin of upper face
37
what are the foramen and innervations of maxillary V2?
foramen rotundum | mid face, upper teeth, nasal, palatal mucosa
38
what are the foramen and innervations of mandibular V3?
foramen ovale | lower face, lower teeth, anterior tongue, ear
39
what are the functional components of CN5?
GSA | SVE
40
what does the SVE component of CN5 innervate?
muscles of mastication, digastric, tensor, mylohyoid
41
what are the GSA nuclei of CN5?
- spinal trigeminal nucleus - chief sensory nucleus - mesencephalic nucleus
42
what is the function of the spinal trigeminal nucleus?
pain and temperature
43
what is the function of the chief sensory nucleus?
conscious proprioception
44
what is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus?
jaw jerk reflex | unconscious proprioception
45
what is the SVE nucleus of CN5?
motor nucleus of CN5
46
what is the attachment for CN6?
sulcus between anterior surface of pons and medulla
47
what is the foramen for CN6?
superior orbital fissure
48
what is the functional component of CN6?
GSE
49
what is the nucleus for CN6?
abducens nucleus
50
what does the CN6 innervate?
lateral rectus muscle
51
route of CN6?
brainstem => cavernous sinus => superior orbital fissure => LR6
52
what is the attachment for CN7?
cerebellomedullary pontine angle
53
what is the foramen of CN7?
internal auditory meatus
54
what are the components of CN7?
``` GVA SVA GVE GSA SVE ```
55
what is the nucleus and innervation of GVA CN7
nucleus - nucleus solitarius | fxn - deep sensation from soft palate
56
what is the nucleus and innervation of SVA CN7?
nucleus solitarius | anterior taste buds
57
what is the nucleus and innervation of GVE CN7?
superior salivatory nucleus | motor innervation to submandibular, sublingual, and lacrimal glands
58
what is the nucleus and innervation of GSA CN7?
sensory nucleus of CN5 | sensation of ear pinna
59
what is the nucleus and innervation of SVE CN7
motor nucleus of 7 (facial nucleus) | motor innervation to facial expression muscles, digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius
60
how do neurons of the upper face (UMN) receive their input?
bilateral cortical input from the facial motor nucleus
61
how do neurons of the lower face (LMN) receive their input?
unilateral cortical contralateral input from the facial motor nucleus
62
what is the result of unilateral cortical damage?
cortical damage = damage to UMN before they reach the nuclei - upper face is spared because of bilateral input - contralateral lower face is weak
63
what is the result of facial nucleus damage
total paralysis on the affected side | -upper and lower are damaged ipsilaterally
64
what is the attachment of CN8?
cerebellomedullary pontine angle
65
what is the foramen of CN8?
internal auditory meatus
66
what is the functional component of CN8?
SSA
67
what is the nucleus of CN8?
``` cochlear nuclei (2) vestibular nuclei (4) ```
68
what is the innervation of CN8
``` organ of corti (cochlear) semicircular canals (vestibular) ```
69
AIM and CN8
auditory inferior colliculus medial geniculate
70
attachment for CN9?
lateral olivary sulcus
71
foramen for CN9?
jugular foramen
72
functional components of CN9?
``` GVA SVA GVE GSA SVE ```
73
GVA nucleus and innervation for CN9?
nucleus solitarius | deep sensation of posterior tongue, soft palate, pharynx, auditory tube, carotid
74
SVA nucleus and innervation for CN9?
nucleus solitarius | posterior taste buds
75
GVE nucleus and innervation for CN9?
inferior salivatory nucleus | parotid gland
76
GSA nucleus and innervation for CN9?
sensory nucleus of CN5 | ear pinna
77
SVE nucleus and innervation for CN9
stylopharyngeus muscle
78
GLOAP
associated with GVE of CN9 | Ganglion => lesser petrosal nerve => otic ganglion => auriculotemporal nerve => parotid gland
79
attachment of CN10?
lateral olivary sulcus
80
foramen of CN10?
jugular foramen
81
functional components of CN10?
``` GVA SVA GVE GSA SVE ```
82
GVA CN10 nucleus and innervation
nucleus solitarius | visceral sensation of pharynx, esophagus, trachea
83
SVA CN10 nucleus and innervation
nucleus solitarius | taste buds of epiglottis and glottis
84
GVE CN10 nucleus and innervation
dorsal motor nucleus of 10 | thoracic and abdominal viscera
85
GSA CN10 nucleus and innervation
sensory nucleus of CN5 | ear pinna
86
SVE CN10 nucleus and innervation
nucleus ambiguous | muscles of pharynx larynx, cricothryoid, levator palatini
87
attachment of CN11
upper cervical spinal roots
88
foramen of CN11?
foramen magnum and foramen jugular
89
components of CN11?
SVE
90
nucleus of CN11?
accessory spinal nuclei (C1-C5)
91
innervation of CN11?
SCM/Trap
92
route of CN11
exits at accessory nuclei 1. ascends through foramen magnum 2. descends through foramen jugular 3. goes to SCM/Trap
93
attachment of CN12?
anterior lateral olivary sulcus
94
foramen of CN12?
hypoglossal canal
95
nucleus of CN12?
hypoglossal nucleus
96
innervation of CN12?
muscles of tongue
97
functional components of CN12?
GSE

Neuroanatomy (9 decks)

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