Breast Cancer Flashcards
what are the two types of in situ breast cancer?
DCIS
LCIS
how can DCIS show up on imaging?
calcifications
risk factors for breast cancer?
alcohol low parity late menopause >55 Fhx early menarche <12 no breastfeeding HRT >5yrs diabetes OCP/depo/mirena
features of breast cancer?
p'eau d'orange lump nipple change texture change colour change
what imaging, for what ages, is used?
mammogram >40
US <40
what Ix are performed?
core needle biopsy
what Ix is performed for a DCIS?
stereotactic vacuum assisted core biopsy
what is the criteria for radiotherapy?
+3 nodes
1mm surgical margins
tumour >5cm
DCIS
what receptors match with what hormonal therapy?
ER - tamoxifen
HER2 - herceptin/trastuzamab
what is scoring used to evaluate prognosis after surgery? what does it involve?
nottingham PI
size
number of LNs
grade of tumour
types of breast cancer?
lobular ductal medullar colloid mucoid
when does DCIS/LCIS become carcinoma?
when BM is breached
staging of breast cancer?
1 confined and mobile
2 confined but nodes
3 fixed to pec major, nodes, skin involvement
4 fixation to chest wall and distant mets
TNM staging of breast cancer?
T1 <2cm
3 <5cm
3 >5cm
4 fixed to chest wall/p’eau d’orange
N1 mobile nodes
2 fixed
M0 no mets
1 distant mets
what does tamoxifen do?
blocks oestrogen receptors to reduce size of tumour (less oestrogen for growth)
