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AB 3rd Year Repro > Gynae Cancers > Flashcards

Gynae Cancers Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

most common type of endometrial carcinoma?

A

adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

what are the two types of endometrial adenocarcinoma?

A

endometrioid

serous

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3
Q

what assoc does endometrioid adenocarcinoma have?

A

oestrogen
lynch syndrome
hyperplasia

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4
Q

what cancers occur in lynch syndrome?

A

endometrial
colorectal
ovarian

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5
Q

what assoc does serous adenocarcinoma have?

A

post menopausal
spreads along mucosa/fallopian tubes
aggressive

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6
Q

risk factors for endometrial cancer?

A 
obese
nullparity
FHx
breast cancer
oestrogen only HRT
tamoxifen
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7
Q

protective factors for endometrial cancer?

A

CCP

pregnancy

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8
Q

Ix for endometrial cancer?

A

TVUS
pipelle biopsy
hyteroscopy with D+C

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9
Q

Tx for endometrial cancer?

A

surgery
radio
chemo

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10
Q

how is lynch syndrome inherited?

A

aut dom

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11
Q

Ix for lynch syndrome?

A

MSI test of tissue

stain for mismatch repair proteins

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12
Q

types of ovarian cancer?

A

serous
mucinous
endometriod
clear cell

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13
Q

what type of ovarian cancer is associated with lynch syndrome?

A

clear cell

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14
Q

risks for ovarian cancer?

A 
old
nullparity
FHx
breast cancer
BRCA
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15
Q

features of ovarian cancer?

A 
asymp
bloating
ascited
mass
wt loss
fatigue
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16
Q

Ix for ovarian cancer?

A

serum Ca-125
US
CT

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17
Q

Tx for ovarian cancer?

A

surgery
chemo
tamoxifen if platinum resistant

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18
Q

spread of ovarian cancer?

A

transcoelomic

haematogenous

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19
Q

most common type of cervical cancer?

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A

squamous carcinoma

20
Q

risk factors for cervical cancer?

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A

HPV
multiple sexual partners
immunosuppression

21
Q

features of cervical cancer?

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A 
post coital bleed
post menopausal bleed
pain
haematuria
UTI
obstruction
22
Q

Ix for cervical cancer?

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A

exam
colposcopy
biopsy
HPV test

23
Q

Tx for cervical cancer?

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A

excise
hysterectomy
chemoradiation

24
Q

who gets endocervical adenocarcinoma?

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A

upper class
late onset sexual activity
smoking

25
what HPV is assoc with endocervical carcinoma?
HPV 18
26
what HPV is assoc with cervical cancer?
16 and 18
27
what is CIN?
premalignant dysplastic transformation of squamous cells in transformation zone of the cervix
28
in CIN, what happens to the cells?
dysplastic changes to squamous cells on the ectocervix
29
Ix for CIN?
smear test | colposcopy
30
tx for CIN?
loop excision | cold coagulation
31
complications of loop excision?
period abnormalities | pre term labour (due to cervical insufficiency)
32
in the cervix, what cell types are present in ectocervix endocervix?
ecto - squamous | endo - glandular
33
what is the transformation zone, in the cervix?
squamocolumnar junction between ecto and endo cervix
34
when is cervical screening started?
25 yrs
35
how often is cervical screening?
every 3 years from 25-49 | every 5 years from 50-64
36
what is population attributable risk?
what proportion of the disease is caused by the risk factor (measures BURDEN of disease)
37
what are the 3 types of disease prevention? what do they mean?
primary - stop before it starts secondary - stop it getting worse/recurring tertiary - stopping complications
38
what age of girls get the cervical cancerimmunisation?
11-13yrs
39
staging for ovarian cancer?
1 - confined to ovary 2 - outside ovary but within pelvis 3 - outside pelvis but within abdo 4 - distant mets
40
what are the stages for CIN?
1 - one third of surface layer affected 2 - two thirds 3 - full thickness
41
in CIN, who gets referred?
2 and 3 (within 2 weeks)
42
features of VIN?
white areas inflammation may be warts (due to HPV)
43
tx for VIN?
biopsy surveillance imiquimod cream
44
if mild dyskariosis on smear, what should be done?
HPV test if +ve colposcopy if -ve wait until next smear
45
if borderline changes on smear, what should be done?
HPV test if +ve colposcopy if -ve wait until next smear
46
tx for CIN 1?
HPV test if +ve, 6 monthly colposcopy excision if it does not regress
47
features of endometrial cancer?
post menopausal bleed inter menstrual bleeding wt loss pain

AB 3rd Year Repro (27 decks)

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