Breast Pathology 1

Question 1

what kind of imaging is done for breast pathology?

Answer 1

mammography
USS
MRI

Question 2

what kind of pathology is done for breast pathology?

Answer 2

cyto

histo

Question 3

what methods are done for obtaining a sample for breast cytopathology?

Answer 3

FNA
fluid
nipple discharge
nipple scrape

Question 4

1st line sampling for cytopathology?

Answer 4

FNA

Question 5

C5 is more serious than C1 in breast cytology T or F

Answer 5

T

Question 6

name developmental breast anomalies

Answer 6

hypoplasia
juvenile hypertrophy
accessory breast tissue
accessory nipple

Question 7

inflammatory causes of benign breats disease?

Answer 7

fat necrosis
duct ectasia
acute mastitis/abscess

Question 8

causes of gynaecomastia?

Answer 8

exogenous/endogenous hormones
cannabis
prescription drugs
liver disease

Question 9

who gets fibrocystic change?

Answer 9

women in their 40s-50s who have had menstrual problems eg early menarche/late menopause

Question 10

is fibrocystic change common?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

describe the feeling of a fibroadenoma?

Answer 11

firm not hard

Question 12

fibrocystic changes often resolve or diminish when?

Answer 12

after menopause

Question 13

presentation of fibrocystic change?

Answer 13

smooth discrete lumps
sudden, cyclical pain
lumpiness

Question 14

main appearance of fibrocystic changes on pathology

Answer 14

CYSTS - multiple with pale fluid

Question 15

what do the cysts look like in fibrocystic change?

Answer 15

blue domed with pale fluid

Question 16

the cysts in fibrocystic changed are lined by ___ epithelium

Answer 16

apocrine

Question 17

Tx fibrocystic change

Answer 17

exclude malignancy
reassure
excise ONLY if necessary

Question 18

what is a hamartoma?

Answer 18

cell types are normal to breast but in an abnormal proportion or distribution; well circumscribed

Question 19

presentation of scleroising lesions

Answer 19

irregular mass

Question 20

fibroadenomas tend to be solitary/multiple

Answer 20

solitary

Question 21

what benign breast pathology is common in african women?

Answer 21

fibroadenoma

Question 22

fibroadenoma incidence peaks at what age?

Answer 22

30s

Question 23

presentation of fibroadenomas?

Answer 23

painless, firm, discrete, MOBILE mass

Question 24

fibroadenomas appear solid/fluid on USS

Answer 24

solid

Question 25

"breast mouse"

Answer 25

fibroadenoma

Question 26

gross appearance of a fibroadenoma on pathology?

Answer 26

cirumscribed, rubbery, grey/white tumour

Question 27

Tx fibroadenomas

Answer 27

diagnose reassure excise

Question 28

name the 2 kinds of sclerosing lesion

Answer 28

sclerosing adenosis | radial scar/compel scelrosing lesion

Question 29

describe the pathology of sclerosing lesions

Answer 29

benign disorderly proliferation of acini and stroma which can cause a mass/calcification

Question 30

presentation of sclerosing adenosis?

Answer 30

pain/tenderness or lumpiness/thickening which can be asymptomatic

Question 31

age range for sclerosing adenosis

Answer 31

20-70

Question 32

radial scars are common T or F

Answer 32

T

Question 33

radial scars tend to be asymptomatic T or F

Answer 33

T, found on screening

Question 34

Tx radial scar

Answer 34

excise or sample extensively by vacuum biopsy

Question 35

histological appearance of radial scar

Answer 35

fibroelastic core fibrocystic change epithelial proliferation

Question 36

causes of fat necrosis?

Answer 36

trauma eg seatbelt injury | warfarin therapy

Question 37

pathology behind fat necrosis

Answer 37

damage to adipocytes causes inflam infiltration -> scarring

Question 38

"foamy macrophages"

Answer 38

fat necrosis

Question 39

Tx fat necrosis

Answer 39

confirm diagnosis | exclude malignancy

Question 40

presentation of duct ectasia

Answer 40

``` pain acute episodic inflam changes bloody/purulent dischage fistulation nipple retraction and distortion ```

Question 41

what ducts are affected in duct ectasia

Answer 41

subareolar ducts

Question 42

what benign breast condition is associated with smoking

Answer 42

duct ectasia

Question 43

pathology behind duct ectasia

Answer 43

subareolar duct dilatation periductal inflam and fibrosis scarring

Question 44

Tx duct ectasia

Answer 44

treat acute infections exclude malignancy stop smoking excise ducts

Question 45

main bacteria causes of mastitis in lactation?

Answer 45

staph aureus | strep pyogenes

Question 46

main bacterial causes of DE?

Answer 46

anaerobes | a mix

Question 47

Tx mastitis/abscess

Answer 47

antibiotics percutaneous drainage incision and drainage

Question 48

phyllodes tumour presentation

Answer 48

slow growing unilateral breast mass in 40-50 y old

Question 49

phyllodes tumours often metastasise T or F

Answer 49

F

Question 50

age range for intraduct papilloma

Answer 50

35-60

Question 51

presentation of intraduct papilloma

Answer 51

asymptomatic nipple discharge +/- blood nodules

Question 52

an intraduct papilloma affects...

Answer 52

subareolar ducts