Breast Scrotum Prostate Flashcards by Rexlin Sebastin

What age group are malignant testicular tumors most common in?

15-49
20-50
1-5
60-80

15-49

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The teste is supposed be attached to the tunica vaginalis. Without this attachment the testicle can rotate freely on the spermatic cord. What is this deformity called?
Twister Deformity
Torsion Deformity
Bell Clapper Deformity
Tunica Vaginalis Deformity

Bell Clapper Deformity

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BI-RADS has a lexicon used for standardized terminology.

True
False

True

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Which zone does Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia occur in?
Central Zone
Transitional and Periurethral Zone
Peripheral zone only
fibromuscular stroma

Transitional and Periurethral Zone

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What are symptoms of a breast infection?

fever
localized pain
redness
all listed are possible

all listed are possible

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What type of calcifications are commonly seen in the testicles with sonography?
Large calcifications
Variable size calcifications
Microlithiasis
Granulomas

Microlithiasis

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This patient has an elevated PSA, and on a digital rectal exam the Dr. palpated a mass. You find this image. What do you think the pathology is?
Prostate Cancer
BPH
Prostatitis
Normal prostate

Prostate Cancer

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What are the 2 most common causes of acute scrotal pain? choose 2.
Epididymitis/Epididymo-Orchitis

Torsion
Abscess
Cancer

Epididymitis/Epididymo-Orchitis
Torsion

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A hydrocele that is filled with blood is called what?
bloodocele
pyocele
hematocele
hydrocele

hematocele

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What is the pathology that is a large serous fluid collection around the testicle?
Pyocele
Hydrocele
Hematocele
Epididymitis

Hydrocele

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Leydig Cell Tumors are the most common stromal tumors.

True
False

True

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Breast implants are best evaluated using 3D ultrasound.

True

False

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Which labs are associated with non-seminomas?

AFP and Beta HcG
BUN and Creatinine
AST and ALT
PSA

AFP and Beta HcG

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When is nipple discharge concerning for malignancy?

all nipple discharge is benign
when it is unilateral and spontaneous
when it is bilateral
when it only happens during menstrual cycle

when it is unilateral and spontaneous

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This is the most common type of germ cell tumor. It has a good prognosis. The pt has a hx of a cryptorchid teste.
Embryonal Cell Tumor
Leydig Cell Tumor
Seminoma
Spermatocele

Seminoma

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Can a testicle be partially torsed?

Yes
No

Yes

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What must be seen by the sonographer to confirm diagnosis of a scrotal hernia?
Valsalva
Blood flow within the scrotum
Absent Blood flow
Peristalsis within the scrotum

Peristalsis within the scrotum

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If the Doctor does a systematic prostate biopsy, no lesion seen, they will take how many biopsy samples?
5 or 6
1, all tissue samples are equal
10-12
depends on the dr performing exam

10-12

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Abscesses of the testicles are complications of what?
Cysts
Epidermoid cysts
Torsion
Epididymo-orchitis

Epididymo-orchitis

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What is a varicocele?
Dilatation of the tunica albuginea of the testicular veins
Dilation of the tunica vaginalis of the testicular veins
Dilation of the epididymal vein
Dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the testicular veins

Dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the testicular veins

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What is cryptorchidism?
Absent Testicles
Undescended Testicles
Cancerous Testicles
Inflammed Testicles

Undescended Testicles

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The larger the cancerous prostate lesion, what will it do to the PSA?

Increase it

Decrease it

Increase it

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What are two complications of cryptorchidism? Choose 2 please.

No complications

Infertility

Answer,
Dysuria

Cancer

Infertility
Cancer

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An indirect scrotal hernia is when bowel is protruding through the ______ into the scrotum.

Tunica Albuginea

Inguinal Canal

Peritoneum

Popliteal Fossa

Inguinal Canal

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What age group are malignant testicular tumors most common in? 15-49 20-50 1-5 60-80

15-49

For all breast lesions, what pictures should be taken? select all that apply. radial/antiradial continuous wave/pulsed wave doppler waveform color or power doppler with and without measurements only one plane necessary

radial/antiradial color or power doppler with and without measurements

The appendix teste is usually only seen when what pathology is present? Torsion Epididymitis Cryptorchidism Hydrocele

Hydrocele

The teste is supposed be attached to the tunica vaginalis. Without this attachment the testicle can rotate freely on the spermatic cord. What is this deformity called? Twister Deformity Torsion Deformity: Bell Clapper Deformity Tunica Vaginalis Deformity

Bell Clapper Deformity

BI-RADS has a lexicon used for standardized terminology. True False

True

Which zone does Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia occur in? Central Zone Transitional and Periurethral Zone Peripheral zone only Fibromuscular stroma

Transitional and Periurethral Zone

What are symptoms of a breast infection? fever localized pain redness all listed are possible

all listed are possible

What type of calcifications are commonly seen in the testicles with sonography? Macrolithiasis Variable size calcifications Microlithiasis Granulomas

Microlithiasis

This patient has an elevated PSA, and on a digital rectal exam the Dr. palpated a mass. You take the images below. What do you think the pathology is? Prostate Cancer BPH Prostatitis Normal prostate

Prostate Cancer

What are the most common causes of acute scrotal pain? choose 2. Epididymitis/Epididymo-Orchitis Torsion Abscess Cancer

Torsion Epididymitis/Epididymo-Orchitis

This is a 5 month old baby. His mother was changing his diaper and noticed that his scrotum appeared shrunken. What is being demonstrated here? Anorchia Cryptorchidism Epididymitis Orchitis

Cryptorchidism

What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia? Prostate cancer Prostate enlargement Prostate atrophy Prostate inflammation

Prostate enlargement

The epidermoid cyst is of germ cell origin. True False

True

Benign adenomatoid tumors involve what structure? Incorrect answer: Testicle Epididymis Scrotal lining Appendix Teste Epididymis

Epididymis

A collection of fluid around the testi that is filled with blood is called a? bloodocele pyocele hematocele hydrocele

hematocele

What is the pathology that is a large serous fluid collection around the testicle? Pyocele Hydrocele Hematocele Epididymitis

Hydrocele

Hydroceles can be caused by all of the following except: Trauma Torsion Epididymitis Splenomegaly

Splenomegaly

Breast implants are best evaluated using 3D ultrasound. True False

False

Intratesticular cysts are usually located where? near the mediastinum testis near the scrotal raphe within the tunica albuginea within the tunica vaginalis

near the mediastinum testis

Which labs are associated with non-seminoma tumors? AFP and Beta HcG BUN and Creatinine AST and ALT PSA

AFP and Beta HcG

Leydig Cell Tumors are the most common stromal tumors. True False

True

When comparing a mammo finding with an ultrasound finding, what 4 things are considered for mass correlation? (making sure the US mass is the same mass seen on mammo) hard findings, orientation, characteristics, unilateral symptoms, palpability, prior mammo, breast size radial, w/o calipers, w color doppler size, shape, location, surrounding tissue

size, shape, location, surrounding tissue

What is the name of the linear echogenic structure running down the center of the testicle? Tunica Vaginalis Testicular Line Mediastinum Testis Tunica Albuginea

Mediastinum Testis

How is prostate volume calculated? H x W x L x .5236 dividing the pts weight by their age the dr determines volume by visualization H(2) x W x L x .4

H x W x L x .5236

A testicle can be partially torsed. True False

True

What is the treatment for cryptorchidism? Nothing, they leave it where it is. Orchiectomy, they have to remove it. Orchiopexy, they pull it down in place They wait, it will descend eventually

Orchiopexy, they pull it down in place

A seminoma is a type of ______ tumor. epididymal benign germ cell lymphatic cell

germ cell

Varicoceles should distend when? Check 2 answers. During Valsalva While the patient is lying quietly While the patient is eating When the patient is standing

When the patient is standing During Valsalva

Testicular infarct is usually the result of what? Surgery or Torsion Cancer or Torsion Trauma or Surgery Torsion or Trauma

Torsion or Trauma

What must be seen by the sonographer to confirm diagnosis of a scrotal hernia? Valsalva motion Blood flow within the scrotum Absent blood flow Peristalsis within the scrotum

Peristalsis within the scrotum

Abscesses of the testicles are complications of what? Cysts Epidermoid cyst Torsion Epididymo-orchitis

Epididymo-orchitis

What type of mass is a spermatocele? Solid Cystic Mixed tumor Cancerous

Cystic

What is the sonographic appearance of the epidermoid cyst? solid, hyperechoic with stellate scar cystic, with bow tie pattern solid, hypoechoic, with onion ring pattern complex

solid, hypoechoic, with onion ring pattern

This is an image of the pampiniform plexus near the epididymis head. What pathology is it most likely? Hydrocele Thrombus in the veins Torsion Varicocele

Varicocele

What is a varicocele? Dilatation of the tunica albuginea of the testicular veins Dilation of the tunica vaginalis of the testicular veins Dilation of the epididymal vein Dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the testicular veins

Dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the testicular veins

This is the most common type of germ cell tumor. It has a good prognosis. The pt has a hx of a cryptorchid teste. Embryonal Cell Tumor Leydig Cell Tumor Seminoma Spermatocele

Seminoma

While scanning you came upon a testicular tumor. The patient had a biopsy done and revealed it was an embryonal cell carcinoma. Under what classification is this tumor type? Seminoma Non-Seminomatous Stromal Non-Seminomatous

Non-Seminomatous

What is cryptorchidism? Absent Testicles Undescended Testicles Cancerous Testicles Inflammed Testicles

Undescended Testicles

You are scanning your patient and he is having acute scrotal pain. You see an enlarged testicle that is hypoechoic and has increased blood flow. What are you probably seeing? Orchitis Epididymitis Torsion Varicocele

Orchitis

Your patient is in the ER with extreme sudden testicle pain. He has had no trauma and even with pain meds his pain is a 10 +. What should you be looking for in this case? Epididymitis Torsion Orchitis Cancer Cryptorchidism

Torsion

You are called in to scan an infant because the mother has noticed that the scrotal sac seems smaller than usual. The Doctor feels that the child probably has an undescended testicle. You scan and the testicle is not in the sac. Where will you look? Choose 2. Answer, In the abdominal cavity Answer, In the pelvic cavity In the inguinal canal In the region of the pubic symphysis (pre-scrotal region)

In the inguinal canal In the region of the pubic symphysis (pre-scrotal region)

A patient comes in for a scrotal ultrasound. He is having acute pain on the right side. He has a history of recurrent and frequent UTI's. He is 60 years old. The ultrasound shows a hyperemic, hypoechoic enlarged epididymis. What is probably wrong? Torsion Orchitis Epididymitis Cancer

Epididymitis

Which side of the scrotum is most frequently affected by varicoceles? Left Right

Left

If the Doctor does a systematic biopsy, with no lesion seen, they will take how many biopsy samples? 5 or 6 1, all tissue samples are equal 10-12 depends on the dr performing exam

10-12

How many hours before a case of testicular torsion is often unsalvageable? 6 8 or less 12 or more 24

12 or more

Which zone do prostate cancers most commonly occur in? Central Zone Transitional Zone Peripheral Zone Fibromuscular stroma

Peripheral Zone

When is nipple discharge concerning for malignancy? all nipple discharge is benign when it is unilateral and spontaneous when it is bilateral when it only happens during menstrual cycle

when it is unilateral and spontaneous

Breast Scrotum Prostate Flashcards

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