Byzantine architecture

Question 0

Two centers developed by the christian church

Answer 0

1. The roman catholic, the western church in rome (latin church)
2. The eastern orthodox, the eastern church in Constantinople (greek church)

Question 1

Origin of byzantine architecture

Answer 1

Europe

Question 2

Is a federation of self-governing national churches. Has patriarchs in important eastern cities like istanbul, alexandria and jerusalem and archbishops and bishops but no pope or papacy

Answer 2

Eastern orthodox church

Question 3

3 well known orthodox church

Answer 3

1. The greek orthodox
2. The russian orthodox
3. The coptic (egyptian) orthodox church

Question 4

Was most important church in christendom. Has priests bishops archbishops and headed by a pope

Answer 4

Roman church

Question 5

When rome fell as a political power, it become the most dominant institution in rome

Answer 5

Roman church

Question 6

5 similarities of the eastern orthodox and roman catholicism

Answer 6

1. Acceptance of tradition
2. Episcopal hierarchy
3. Observance of seven sacraments
4. Veneration of mary as mother of god
5. Sacraments are called holy mysteries of which baptism and holy eucharist are the most important

Question 7

Greek word meaning general or universal

Answer 7

Katholikos

Question 8

This united the two churches religiously in spite of the different language, customs and institutions

Answer 8

Christian faith

Question 9

Granted the toleration of christians which followed the building of churches

Answer 9

The edict of milan by constantine and licinius

Question 11

Forbade all representations of human or animal forms in sculptures which affected byzantine church architecture

Answer 11

The iconoclastic movement

Question 12

2 important characteristics of the byzantine style of ornamentation

Answer 12

the absence of sculptured figures, while colored pictures are generally flat and stylized

Question 13

are distinguished by the centralized type of plan having a dome over the nave

Answer 13

byzantine architecture

Question 14

became the prevailing motif of byzantine architecture

Answer 14

dome

Question 15

screen of pictures; cut off the east end of the church from the nave

Answer 15

iconostas

Question 16

chief features

Answer 16

small windows and arcades with open courts

Question 17

3 types of dome

Answer 17

1. simple dome
2. compound dome
3. melon shaped dome

Question 18

kind of roof combined with domes

Answer 18

flat roof

Question 19

dome and pendentive are parts of the same sphere

Answer 19

simple dome

Question 20

is a triangular curved overhanging surfaceto support a circular dome over a square or polygonal compartment

Answer 20

pendentive

Question 21

dome constructed separately from the pendentive

Answer 21

compound dome

Question 22

2 types of compound dome

Answer 22

a dome on top of a pendentive

dome raised on a drum on top of a pendentive

Question 23

dome with convolutions or ribs

Answer 23

melon shaped dome

Question 24

3 materials where mosaics are made of

Answer 24

1. glass
2. tiles
3. marbles

Question 25

One of the small squares of stone or glass used in making mosaic patterns

Answer 25

tesserae

Question 26

8 ornament motifs

Answer 26

1. fish 2. dove 3. peacock 4. lamb 5. grapevine 6. endless knot 7. chi rho 8. symbolic group of saints

Question 27

is mentioned and given symbolic meaning several times in the gospels. it is also a symbol for jesus

Answer 27

fish (ikhthus)

Question 28

symbol of peace and unity

Answer 28

dove

Question 29

emblem of immortality and resurrection

Answer 29

peacock

Question 30

refers to jesus' role as a sacrifice atoning for the sins of man in christian theology

Answer 30

lamb (good shepherd)

Question 31

the idea of the vital union of the believers with christ and among each other is symbolized by the vine and its branches

Answer 31

grapevine

Question 32

emblem of eternity

Answer 32

endless knot

Question 33

is formed by superimposing the first two letters of the word christ in greek. it invokes the crucifixion of jesus as well as symbolizing his status as christ

Answer 33

chi rho

Question 34

2 architectural character of byzantine architecture (ornaments)

Answer 34

1. mosaic | 2. fresco painting

Question 35

the art of painting on fresh, moist plaster with pigments dissolved in water

Answer 35

fresco painting

Question 36

utilized tiny, geometrically, shaped pieces of colored stone and glass paste that were arranged in intricate geometric patterns dotted with large disks of semiprecious stones

Answer 36

opus alexandrinum

Question 37

are made from larger specially cut pieces usually of tile or stone

Answer 37

opus sectile

Question 38

are massive with cubiform capitals often with dosseret block to support the voissoir of an arch

Answer 38

columns

Question 39

is a former orthodox patriarchal basilica later a mosque and now a museum

Answer 39

hagia sophia ("holy wisdom")

Question 40

the stones areframed all round with bricks

Answer 40

cloeisonne technique

Question 41

the facing of this church was executed usingthe cloeisonne technique

Answer 41

monastery church at hosios loukas, phocia, greece

Question 42

is the oldest church in athens

Answer 42

the church of the holy apostles

Question 43

is popular for the representation of the incidents from the old and new testaments

Answer 43

st. mark, venice

Question 44

the interior and the exterior are lavishly decorated with elaborate mosaic, much of it in shimmering gold

Answer 44

st. mark, venice

Question 45

was built for the most important state ceremonies. it was faced with limestone

Answer 45

catheral of the assumption, russia

Question 46

has the ogee arch as the dominant motif

Answer 46

the annunciation cathedral, kremlin, moscow

Question 47

has steep bulbous domes to throw off snow

Answer 47

S. Sophia, Novgorod

Question 48

has 13 domes and has mosaic interior decorations

Answer 48

S. Sophia, Kiev

Question 49

is famous for its elaborately carved exterior

Answer 49

cathedral of st. demetrius, vladimir

Question 50

is a russian orthodox cathedral built by ivan iv in 1555. it is the most recognizable symbol of russia

Answer 50

s. basil the blessed cathedral, red square, moscow

Question 51

the building's design, shaped as a frame of a bonfire rising into the sky has no analogues in russian architecture

Answer 51

s. basil the blessed cathedral, red square, moscow

Question 52

has 9 unique onion domes, each with 9 individual chapels. each dome isdifferent and painted in the most brilliant colors. the architect was postnik yakovlev

Answer 52

s. basil

Question 53

it has strangeness that astonishes by its unexpectedness, complexity and dazzling interleaving of the manifold details of its design

Answer 53

s. basil dome detail, moscow

Question 54

Was founded by Constantine over the traditional birthplace of Christ

Answer 54

Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, Palestine