C1 What is life Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the purpose of the anatomical position?
The standard reference we use to describe body parts and their position / relation to other parts
*To use as a common point of reference
What characteristics are used to assess whether something is alive or not?
Organisation
Metabolism
Responsiveness
Growth
Development
Reproduction
Organisation
The specific relationship / interactions among parts of an organism → how they perform their functions
Metabolism
The ability to use energy (chemical reactions) and perform vital functions
Responsiveness
The ability to sense and adjust / react to changes in the environment
*Can respond to internal / external stimuli
Growth
Increase in the size or number of cells → overall enlargement of the organism
Development
The changes an organism undergoes through time
Reproduction
The formation of new cells and new organisms. All living organisms pass on their genes to their offspring
What are the six levels of organisation of the human body
Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ level
Organ system
Organism
Chemical level
Atoms interact and combine into molecules
*DNA
Cellular
Molecules interact and combine to form organelles (nucleus, mitochondrion) of a cell
*Smooth muscle cell
Tissue level
Numerous similar cells, and the tissue around them, join to form a tissue type
*Smooth muscle tissue
Organ level
Two or more tissue types form an organ that performs one or more function(s)
*Bladder
Organ system
A group of organs performing a common function make up a system
*Kidneys + bladder + ureters = Urinary system
Organism level
Any living thing considered as a whole
* Human
What are the three planes in which the body or organs can be divided?
Sagittal
Transverse
Frontal
Sagittal
Separates the body into right and left parts
Transverse
Separates the body into superior and inferior parts
Frontal
Separates body into anterior and posterior
What are the three anterior cavities of the trunk?
Thoracic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Abdomen quadrants
Right upper
Left upper
Right lower
Left lower
Abdomen regions
Right hypochondriac region
Epigastric region
Left hypochondriac region
Right lumbar region
Umbilical region
Left lumbar region
Right iliac region
Hypogastric region
Left iliac region
