C6 heart Flashcards
(23 cards)
What gases are carried by the cardiovascular system
Oxygen
CO2
Nitrogen
What nutrients are carried by the cardiovascular system
glucose
amino acids
vitamins
proteins
lipids
What metabolic wastes are carried by the cardiovascular system
Urea
uric acid
creatinine
ammonium ions
What regulatory molecules are carried by the cardiovascular system
hormones
enzymes
What processed molecules are carried by the cardiovascular system
Proteins
enzymes
carbohydrates
lipids
Anatomical structure of the right atrium
Thin walled
Posterior
(walls)- Pectinate muscles
Receive deoxygenated blood
3 Openings
- superior/inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Anatomical structure of the left atrium
Thin walled
Forms base
Posterior
(walls)- Pectinate muscles
Receive oxygenated blood (4 pulmonary veins)
Anatomical structure of the right ventricle
Thick walled
Pumping
Anterior
Opens to pulmonary trunk
(walls)- Trabeculae carnae
Anatomical structure of the left ventricle
Forms apex
Posterior, inferior
Opens to aorta
(walls)- Trabeculae carnae
Fibrous pericardium
Tough, Fibrous outer layer
Prevents over distention
Acts as anchor
Serous pericardium
Thin, transparent inner layer
Simple squamous epithelium
Parietal pericardium
lines the fibrous outer layer
Visceral pericardium
covers heart surface
Pericardial cavity
between 2 pericardium, filled with pericardial fluid
Location of heart
Obliquely in mediastinum
Medial to two lungs, superior to diaphragm
How are increased metabolic demands of tissues met by changes to blood circulation
Blood flow is proportional to metabolic needs of tissues
A vs V - direction of blood flow
A- carry blood away from heart -> tissues
V - carry blood from tissue -> heart
A vs V - location
A- deep in muscle
V- closer to surface of body
A vs V - walls
A- thick walls
V- thinner walls
A vs V - blood
A- oxygenated & deoxygenated
V- deoxygenated & oxygenated
A vs V - Valves
A- no valves
V- valves to prevent backflow
A vs V - BP
A- high
V- low (8-10mm Hg)
A vs V - lumen shape
A- round lumen, holds shape
V- Flat lumen, look collapsed
