Flashcards in C1g-smells Deck (21)
1
What is the word equation for esterification?
Acid+Alcohol-->Ester+Water
2
What are the necessary properties of perfumes?
Evaporates easily
Non-toxic
Doesn't react with water
Doesn't irritate the skin
Insoluble in water
3
Why does a perfume need to evaporate easily?
So perfume particles can easily reach the nose
4
Why does a perfume need to be non toxic?
So it doesn't poison you
5
Why does perfume need to be able to not react with water?
So it doesn't react with perspiration
6
Why does perfume need to be able to not irritate the skin?
Otherwise perfume could not be put directly on the skin
7
Why does perfume need to be insoluble in water?
So it cannot be washed off easily
8
Explain the volatility of perfumes in terms of kinetic theory?
Particles need sufficient energy to overcome the attraction to other molecules in the liquid to evaporate
Weak attraction exists between particles in the liquid perfume so it is easy to overcome this attraction
9
What is a solvent?
The liquid you use to make a solution
10
What is a solute?
The thing you dissolve
11
What is a solution?
The mixture of the solute and solvent that does not seperate out
12
What is soluble?
Does dissolve
13
What is insoluble?
Doesn't dissolve
14
Why won't water dissolve nail varnish colours?
-Water molecules + water molecules > water molecules + nail varnish particles
-nail varnish particles + nail varnish particles > water molecules + nail varnish molecules
> = attraction between ... Stronger
15
Why are new cosmetics tested?
To make sure they're safe to use
16
Why is testing cosmetics on animals banned in the EU?
Concerns about animal welfare
17
What is an argument for testing animals?
Its worth it to check they won't damage humans
18
What is an argument against testing on animals?
Its wrong to cause suffering to animals just to test the safety of a cosmetic
Results might not be conclusive
19
What is an ester?
Perfumes that can be made synthetically
20
Describe how to carry out a simple experiment to make an ester
1) 10cm3 of propanol in test tube
2) 10cm3 of methanoic acid in same tube
3) cork and shake
4) add 1cm3 of concentrated sulfuric acid in same tube
5) warm gently for 5 mins in water bath
6) tip contents into 150cm3 of sodium carbonate solution
21