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Flashcards in C3e Deck (10)
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1
Q

What are the properties of a diamond?

A
  • lustrous
  • colourless
  • very high melting point
  • doesn’t conduct electricity
  • hard
2
Q

What is the structure pf a diamond?

A
  • each carbon forms four covalent bonds in a very rigid giant covalent structure making it really hard
  • the strong covalent bonds take lots of energy to break, giving diamond an very high melting point
  • no free electrons or ions, so no conducting electricity
3
Q

What is the structure of graphite?

A
  • each carbon atom form three covalent bonds, creating sheets of carbon atoms which are free to slide over each other
  • layers held together weakly so they are slippery and can be rubbed off (how pencils work)
  • lots of energy needed to break covalent bonds so high melting point
  • since only three out of each carbons’ four outer electrons are used in bonds, there are lots of delocalised (spare) electrons that can move, conducts electricity
4
Q

What are the properties of graphite?

A

-black
-opaque
-kind of shiny
-rubs off on paper
-high melting point
conducts electricity

5
Q

What are the uses of diamonds and why?

A
  • cutting tool because high melting point and hardness

- jewellery because lustrous

6
Q

What are the uses of graphite and why?

A
  • pencils as layers are slippery and can be rubbed off

- lubricating material, as slippery

7
Q

What are giant molecular structures

A
  • usually don’t conduct electricity because there aren’t any fee electrons (graphite is an exception)
  • carbon can form giant molecular structures because it can form lots of covalent bonds with itself
  • all the covalent bonds give giant molecular structures strength, high melting point and they do not dissolve in water
8
Q

What are nanotubes?

A
  • tiny hollow carbon tubes
  • huge surface area, so can make great industrial catalysts (individual catalyst molecules cab be attached to the nanotubes)
9
Q

What are fullerenes?

A
  • molecules of carbon
  • shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls
  • used to cage other molecules, fullerene structure forms around another atom or molecule which is then trapped inside
  • could be a new way of delivering drugs in the body, e.g.slow release
10
Q

What are allotropes?

A

-different structural forms of the same element in the same physical stat, e.g. they’re all solids