C3h-Allotropes of carbon and nanochemistry Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in C3h-Allotropes of carbon and nanochemistry Deck (18)
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1
Q

What are allotropes?

A

Different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state e.g theyre all solids

2
Q

What is the structure of diamonds?

A

Each carbon atom form 4 covalent bonds in a very rigid giant covalent structure

3
Q

What is the structure of graphite?

A

Each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds, creating sheets of carbon atoms which are free to slide over eachother

4
Q

What is the structure of buckminster fullerene?

A

Molecules of carbon which are shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls

5
Q

What are the physical properties of diamonds?

A
  • lustrous, colourless and clear
  • hard and has a high melting point
  • insoluble in water
  • does not conduct electricity
6
Q

Why is diamond used in cutting tools and jewellery?

A
  • diamond is really hard because of its very rigid giant covalent structure
  • high melting point
7
Q

Why does diamond not conduct electricity?

A

It has no free electrons or ions

8
Q

Why is diamond hard and have a high melting point?

A
  • hard because each of its carbon atoms form 4 covalent bonds in a very rigid giant covalent structure
  • high melting points because strong covalent bonds take a lot of energy to break
9
Q

What are the properties of graphite?

A
  • black, lustrous and opaque
  • slippery
  • insoluble in water
  • conducts electricity
10
Q

Why is graphite used in pencil leads and lubricants?

A
  • black
  • opaque -shiny
  • layers are sliplery and can be rubbed off easy because of the weakly held layers
11
Q

Why do diamond and graphite have a giant molecular structure?

A

Carbon can form lots of covalent bonds with itself

12
Q

What are the properties of giant molecular structures?

A

Because of the many strong covalent bonds, they are

  • strong
  • have a high melting point
  • doesnt dissolve in water
13
Q

Why dont most giant molecular structures conduct electricity?

A

There arent any free electrons or ions

14
Q

Why are nanotubes used to reinforce graphite in tennis rackets?

A

Nanotubes are very strong.

15
Q

What are nanotubes used as in electrical circuits?

A

Semiconductors

16
Q

How can fullerenes be used in new drug delivery systems?

A

The fullerene structure forms around another atom or molecule, which os then trapped inside

17
Q

How can nanotubes be used as catalysts?

A

Nanotubes have a huge surface area, so they could help make great industrial catalysts

18
Q

What is a nanotube?

A

Fullerenes joined together