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CADSCANS Flashcards

1
Q

Beta blockers mask the s/s of …….

A

hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes

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2
Q

End in -pril

A

ACE Inhibitors

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3
Q

End in OLOL

A

Beta-blockers

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4
Q

End in -DIPINE

A

Ca Channel Blockers

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5
Q

Action Of Ace Inhibitors

A

Block conversion of Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin 2 ( a potent vasoconstriction) –> vasodilatation thus decreasing PVR (peripheral vascular resistance) –> decreased BP.

Adolsterone is also blocked–> decreased Na+ & H2O retention

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6
Q

Action of Beta-adrenergic blockers

A

Block B1 receptors in heart–> decreased HR, decreased force of contraction & decreased AV conduction

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7
Q

The action of calcium channel blockers (CCB)

A

Block calcium influx into the beta receptors, decrease force of contraction, HR, and PVR.

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8
Q

Antihypertensive’s

A 
Ace inhibitors (prils)
Beta blockers (OLOL)
Calcium channel blockers (Dipine)
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9
Q

Metroprolol (Lopressor)

Category

A

Beta blocker

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10
Q

Most Frequent Side Effects of BB

A

Fatigue and weakness

Other side effects include headache, Flushing, dizziness, bradycardia, postural hypertension

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11
Q

Most serious/life threatening complication

A

Bronchospasm, bronchoconstriction, congestive heart failure (CHF)

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12
Q

Propranolol

A

Nonselective beta blocker

Blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors

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13
Q

Atenolol (Tenorim)

A

Cardio selective beta blocker (beta-1 blocker) but it boxed beta-2 at high doses

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14
Q

Coreg (carvedilol)

A

Third generation beta blocker blocks beta-1, beta-2, and alpha-1

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15
Q

Before giving beta blockers the nurse should…

A

Obtain BP and Apical heart rate-

hold if SBP </=60bpm

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16
Q

Instruct patient on beta blockers to…

A

Report any weakness, dizziness, or fainting.

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17
Q

Contraindications for beta blockers

A

Bradycardia (Bradydysrhythmias)

AV block

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18
Q

Aka very nice drugs

A

Calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem)

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19
Q

Contraindications of Nifedipine

A

Hypersensitivity

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20
Q

Contraindication of Verapamil

A

Severe left ventricle dysfunction, decreased blood pressure, cardiogenic shock, or heartblock

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21
Q

Digitalis (action)

A

Increases myocardial contraction, CO
Alters the electrical activity of noncontractile tissues and ventricle muscles.
Inhibits sodium – potassium ATPase.

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22
Q

Digitalis

classification

A

Cardiac glycoside

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23
Q

Digitalis (uses)

A

HF (to improve CO)

A fib & Flutter

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24
Q

Digitalis

contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, ventricular tachycardia, real insufficiency, hyperkalemia, advanced heart disease, acute myocardial infraction, incomplete atrioventricular block, pregnancy

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25
Side effects digitalis
Most common: Fatigue, anorexia, hyperkalemia, bradycardia, dysrhythmias Other side effects: Dizziness, HA, malaise, muscle weakness, visual disturbances
26
Nursing implications for Digitalis
Monitor: the Digoxin serum levels for toxicity; HR hold med & notify MD DO NOT DOUBLE UP MISSED DOSES
27
Digitalis (teach)
Do not double up on missed doses | Recognize and report early signs of hypokalemia and Digitalis Toxicity
28
S/S: early hypokalemia
Muscle weakness
29
S/S: Digitalis Toxicity
N/V/D, blurred or yellow visual disturbances
30
End in "sartan"
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)
31
HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitors end in....
Statin
32
Functions of Ace inhibitors
``` Promotes vasodilation Tx HF Hypoglycemic Decrease remodeling (post MI & HF) Decrease insulin resistance & progression of type II ```
33
Used for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy
ACE inhibitors
34
Side effects of ACE inhibitors
``` ** Hypoglycemia** Hypotension ***Cough*** Angioedema Hyperkalemia ```
35
TX of ACR inhibitor related hyperkalemia
Add a thiazide diuretic
36
Capozide
Catopril + thiazide
37
Vaseretuc
Enalapril + thiazide
38
Prinizide
Lisinopril + thiazide
39
Do not use ARB with .....
ACE inhibitors (prils)
40
Beta blocker that is safe during pregnancy ....
Labetalol
41
If you block B1 receptors on the heart.....
The HR, contractile state, CO, BP, & workload of the heart decrease (Cardioselective)
42
Atenolol, metoprolol, betaxolol, bishop roll, nebivolol are carditis elective at doses under.....
10mg
43
Non--Cardioselective beta blockers cause …
Bronchial constriction and exasperated COPD and asthma; Vasoconstrictor fermoral artery and exasperate PAD
44
Non-cardio selective beta blockers are not recommended for…
Patients with COPD asthma
45
Enoxaparin
Lovenox
46
Lovenox | Classification
Low molecular weight heparin | Anticoagulant
47
Lovenox | Action
Potentiates action antithrombin 3, inactivates coagulation factor Xa--> anticoagulation factors; DOES NOT significantly influence bleeding time, PT, aPTT.
48
Lovenox DOES NOT significantly influence…..
bleeding time, PT, aPTT.
49
Antidote for Lovenox & Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
50
Lovenox Dose
30mg BID, 7-10d w/ initial dose w/in 12-24h following Sx | 40mg once daily w/in 9-15h
51
Digitalis (Dose)
PO 0.75-1.5 mg | IV 0.5-1 mg
52
Furosemide (Lasix) | Classification
Loop Diuretic
53
Furosemide (Lasix) | Action
Enhances excretion of Na, Cl, K by direct action on the ascending loop of Henle--> Diuresis & decreased BP
54
Lasix Dose(PO)
20-80mg q6-8h | Max 600mg/day
55
Lasix Dose (IV)
Max dose 160-200 mg
56
1 grain
60-65 mg
57
1 dram
4ml
58
1 ml
15-16 minims
59
Beta blockers decrease…
Decrease HR, myocardial contractility, CO, SV, BP, workload, remodeling, & palpations during panic attacks
60
Beta blocker eyedrops can cause…
Bradycardia and anhedonia
61
Lipid soluble beta blocker...
Propranolol Timolol Metoprolol Pindolol

N102 (13 decks)

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