Hematologic System

Question 1

Hematopoiesis

Answer 1

Blood cell production Occurs in red marrow of flat, irregular bones

Question 2

Where does Hematopoiesis take place

Answer 2

Occurs in red marrow of flat, irregular bones

Question 3

flat, irregular bones

Answer 3

Femur Sternum Ribs Vertebrae Pelvis Flat bones of cranium Proximal epiphysis of humerus

Question 4

Characteristics of Blood

Answer 4

Dark to bright red – Depending on O2 content Slightly alkaline 70-75ml per kg of body weight 5-6 L, 8% of body weight

Question 5

3 Major Functions of Blood

Answer 5

Transportation – O2, nutrients, hormones, waste

Regulation – Fluid, electrolytes, acid-base balance

Protection– Clotting, combat infection

Question 6

Major Components of Blood

Answer 6

Plasma- 55%

Blood cells- 45%

Question 7

Blood cells- 45% of blood

Answer 7

Formed elements- blood cells

Erythrocytes: O2 transport

Leukocytes: infection protection

Thrombocytes: promote coagulation

Question 8

Erythropoiesis (stimulated by)

Answer 8

oxygen requirements (hypoxia)

Question 9

Plasma- 55% of blood

Answer 9

Composed of water, proteins, electrolytes, gases, nutrients, waste

Question 10

Plasma proteins

Answer 10

albumin

globulin

clotting factors (mostly fibrinogen)

Question 11

Serum

Answer 11

plasma without clotting factors

Question 12

Contribute to Erythropoiesis

Answer 12

Erythropoietin Essential nutrients -> Iron, Cobalamin (Vit B12) and Folic Acid

Question 13

Erythropoietin

Answer 13

released by kidney

Stimulates bone marrow –>increase RBC production

Question 14

Hemolysis

Answer 14

Erythrocyte Destruction

Question 15

Site of Hemolysis

Answer 15

Occurs in bone marrow, liver, spleen

Macrophages remove abnorm., defective, & damaged RBC’s from circulation

Question 16

Heme–> (Post Hemolysis)

Answer 16

bilirubin and Iron (recycled)

Question 17

Globulin–> (Post Hemolysis)

Answer 17

breaks down into amino acids to build proteins

Question 18

Lymphadenopathy

Answer 18

General term–>Disease of lymph nodes may/may not indicate enlarged lymph nodes

Question 19

Lymphangiography

Answer 19

Radiologic visualization of the lymph system after injecting contrast medium (blue) –> webbing between your toes

Question 20

Lymphadenitis

Answer 20

Inflammation of one or more lymph nodes

Question 21

Lymphangitis

Answer 21

Inflammation of 1+ lymphatic vessels

Seen with cellulitis (cat bites)

Question 22

Lymphedema

Answer 22

interference with the reabsorption of fluid or increase in lymph fluid–> Tissue swelling from lymph accumulation d/t obstruction

Question 23

Hematopoietic:

Answer 23

Produces RBC’s during fetal development (as baby)

Question 24

4 Maj Funx Of Spleen

Answer 24

Hematopoietic

Filtration

Immune response

Storage: 30% platelet mass stored here

Question 25

Spleen Location

Answer 25

LUQ of abdomen

Question 26

Produces procoagulants essential to hemostasis and blood coagulation

Answer 26

Liver

Question 27

Located in RUQ abdomen ## Footnote **Stores iron**

Answer 27

Liver

Question 28

3 major blood cell types of CBC

Answer 28

RBC’s, WBC’s, and platelets

Question 29

Pancytopenia

Answer 29

all low (RBC, WBC’s and Platelets) ## Footnote *think PANDEMIC…*

Question 30

WBC (Normal Count)

Answer 30

4,000-11,000/microliter

Question 31

WBC Differential shift to left

Answer 31

increase in number of immature white blood cells called to fight severe infection increase in **BAND CELLS** *sending nursing students to a code*

Question 32

Platelets (Normal range)

Answer 32

150,000 to 400,000 /microliter ## Footnote **Spontaneous hemorrhage possible if less than 10,000**