CALR MODULE 1 PART 3

Question 1

Some of the participants in the 1944 Chicago Convention accepted the principle that every state has complete and exclusive __________ over the airspace above its territory.

Answer 1

sovereignty

Question 2

As such, no aircraft may operate over
and into a contracting member’s
territory or airspace without _______.

Answer 2

consent

Question 3

It permits aircraft of a signatory State to fly over, or land for technical
reasons in, the territory of another signatory state;

Answer 3

International Air Services Transit Agreement

Question 4

It allows the carriage of traffic between the State of Registration and another signatory state.

Answer 4

International Air Transport Agreement

Question 5

What are the freedoms under International Air Services Transit Agreement

Answer 5

First and Second Freedom

Question 6

It is the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to fly across its territory without landing.

Answer 6

First Freedom

Question 7

It is the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to land in its territory for non-traffic purposes

Answer 7

Second Freedom

Question 8

Other term for 1st Freedom

Answer 8

Overfly

Question 9

Other term for 2nd Freedom

Answer 9

Technical Stop

Question 10

It is the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from the home State of the carrier

Answer 10

3rd Freedom

Question 11

Other term for 3rd freedom

Answer 11

Set Down Traffic

Question 12

It is the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic destined for the home State of the carrier

Answer 12

4th Freedom

Question 13

It is the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled
international air services, granted by one State
to another State to put down and to take on, in
the territory of the first State, traffic coming
from or destined to a third State

Answer 13

5th freedom

Question 14

ICAO characterizes all “freedoms” beyond the
Fifth as “_________” because only the first five
“freedoms” have been officially recognized as
such by international treaty.

Answer 14

so-called

Question 15

the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled
international air services, of transporting, via
the home State of the carrier, traffic moving
between two other States

Answer 15

6th freedom

Question 16

the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air
services, granted by one State to another State, of
transporting traffic between the territory of the granting State
and any third State with no requirement to include on such
operation any point in the territory of the recipient State, i.e
the service need not connect to or be an extension of any
service to/from the home State of the carrier

Answer 16

7th freedom

Question 17

the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air
services, of transporting cabotage traffic between two points
in the territory of the granting State on a service which
originates or terminates in the home country of the foreign
carrier or (in connection with the so-called Seventh Freedom of
the Air) outside the territory of the granting State (also known
as “consecutive cabotage”).

Answer 17

8th freedom

Question 18

the right or privilege of transporting cabotage
traffic of the granting State on a service
performed entirely within the territory of the
granting State (also known as “stand alone”
cabotage).

Answer 18

9th freedom

Question 19

The government must first negotiate a treaty
level agreement with the destination country’s government before an airline can ______ international services to another country.

Such treaties are recognized bilateral air
services agreements.

Answer 19

operate

Question 20

These are agreements between two countries that govern the commercial air transport services between them.

Answer 20

Bilateral Air Services Agreements (BASAs)

Question 21

These are the routes airlines can fly, including cities that can be served within, between and beyond the bilateral partners.

Answer 21

Traffic rights

Question 22

It is the number of flight that can be operated or passengers that can be carried between the bilateral partners

Answer 22

Capacity

Question 23

It is the number of airlines the bilateral partners can nominate to operate services and the ownership criteria airlines must meet to be designated under the bilateral agreement. This clause sometimes includes foreign ownership restrictions.

Answer 23

Designation, Ownership and Control

Question 24

8 process for negotiating and establishing agreements

Answer 24

Pre-Negotiation Consultation
Formal Negotiation
Agreement Drafting
Approval Process
Signing
Ratification
Implementation
Monitoring and Review

Question 25

It is a set of rules and fees that govern the pricing and usage of air transportation services These are typically created and approved by government regulatory bodies, and must be made available to the public These can be complex, containing info on various components such as fuel surcharges, airport fees, and taxes.

Answer 25

Tariff

Question 26

Airlines use _____ to set prices and establish terms and condition for their services

Answer 26

Tariffs

Question 27

It is a fee charged by airlines to cover the rising cost of fuel.

Answer 27

Fuel Surcharge

Question 28

Title of EO 219, s.1995

Answer 28

Establishing the domestic and international civil aviation liberalization policy

Question 29

__________ shall be the lead agency responsible for the initial negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Air Services Agreements or similar arrangements.

Answer 29

Department of Foreign Affairs

Question 30

__________ shall be composed of representatives from the 1. DFA (as Chairman), 2. Representatives of the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), 3. Representatives of the Philippine designated carrier(s) and 4. Such other person(s) as may be authorized by the President of the Philippines.

Answer 30

Philippine Negotiating Panel

Question 31

the_____________ , through the CAB shall be the lead agency involved in coordinating all necessary preparations.

Answer 31

Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC)

Question 32

The ____________ shall be composed of representatives from 1. the CAB (as Chairman), 2. the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), 3. the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), 4. the Department of Tourism (DOT), 5. the Philippine designated carrier(s) and 6. other person(s) as may be authorized by the Secretary of Transportation and Communications

Answer 32

Philippine Consultation Panel

Question 33

It amended EO 219

Answer 33

EO 32, s.2001

Question 34

Further amended the EO 219

Answer 34

EO 296

Question 35

The __________ shall be responsible for the initial negotiations (“Negotiations“) leading to the conclusion of the relevant Air Services Agreements (ASAs). EO 28, s.2011

Answer 35

Philippine Air Negotiating Panel

Question 36

title of EO 28, s.2011

Answer 36

Reorganizing the Philippine Air Negotiating Panel and the Philippine Air Consultation Panel

Question 37

__________ shall be responsible for the succeeding negotiations of these ASAs or similar arrangements (Consultation Talks). EO 28, s.2011

Answer 37

The Philippine Air Consultation Panel

Question 38

The Chairman of the Consultation Panel may designate other parties as observers but may appoint additional members to the Consultation Panel only with the approval of the ___________.

Answer 38

President or Executive Secretary

Question 39

The end product of the negotiation is an ___________, which is a set of agreements that defines the extent of air traffic rights granted by treaty partners to one another in terms of any or all of the five freedoms of the air.

Answer 39

Air Services Agreement (ASA)

Question 40

The Philippines has air services agreements (ASAs) with various countries around the world, which allow for the ________ of international air services between the Philippines and other countries.

Answer 40

operation

Question 41

The agreement designates the airlines that are authorized to operate flights between the two countries.

Answer 41

Designation of airlines

Question 42

The agreement specifies the number of flights that each designated airline is allowed to operate, as well as the capacity (i.e., the number of seats) that each airline is allowed to offer.

Answer 42

Capacity

Question 43

The agreement sets out the specific routes that designated airlines are allowed to operate between the two countries.

Answer 43

Route / Traffic Rights

Question 44

The agreement establishes the rules and regulations for the pricing of air services between the two countries, including the fares and fees that may be charged.

Answer 44

Tariffs

Question 45

The agreement may include provisions related to safety and security, such as requirements for airline safety and security standards.

Answer 45

Safety and Security

Question 46

Key areas that ASAs typically cover

Answer 46

Designation of airlines Capacity Route / Traffic Rights Tariffs Safety and Security

Question 47

In the ASA, the ______ in terms of seats or flights in each every air sector allowed the types of aircraft, the frequency of flight, and even some extraneous items are spelled out.

Answer 47

level of capacity

Question 48

In ASA's conclusion, the _________properly accepted during the Chicago Convention is commonly used. It is a one- piece document produced by the convention that influences the degree of consistency among countries today in air service agreements.

Answer 48

Uniform format

Question 49

It refers to the extent to which a country's policies and regulations allow for free and open trade in a particular industry or sector.

Answer 49

Degree of liberalization

Question 50

_______ is a concept of international policy that calls for the liberalization of the international aviation industry's rules and regulations, mainly commercial aviation, to establish a free-market environment for the airline industry.

Answer 50

Open Sky

Question 51

Open Skies is not a single, well-defined concept; instead, it refers to _________, such as capacity deregulation and removal of price controls, which lead to less regulated airline services. It is a strategy of opening up aviation markets, which can be pursued on a bilateral, regional, or multilateral basis.

Answer 51

packages of several distinct policy aspects

Question 52

It is an international agreement between countries that liberalizes commercial aviation by removing restrictions on air services between them. Under this agreement, airlines from the participating countries are granted greater freedom to operate flights to and from each other's territories without government interference or limitations.

Answer 52

Open Skies Policy or Open Skies Agreement

Question 53

Key features of Open Skies Policy

Answer 53

Market Access Capacity Pricing and Competition Fair Competition Bilateral and Multilateral Agreements Economic Benefits

Question 54

Four degrees of liberalization

Answer 54

Bilateral Agreements Open Skies Multilateral Agreements Complete Deregulation

Question 55

Countries negotiate __________ with one another, which set out the conditions for the operation of air services between the two countries. These agreements may include restrictions on capacity, routes, and fares.

Answer 55

bilateral air services agreements

Question 56

Countries agree to a more liberalized bilateral air services agreement that allows for greater market access and fewer restrictions on capacity, routes, and fares.

Answer 56

Open Skies

Question 57

Countries participate in regional or global agreements that promote greater market access and competition among airlines.

Answer 57

Multilateral Agreements

Question 58

Countries remove all restrictions on the provision of air services, allowing airlines to operate freely without any government intervention or regulation.

Answer 58

Complete Deregulation

Question 59

More liberalized markets tend to _____________, while more regulated markets may limit competition and lead to higher fares.

Answer 59

promote greater competition, lower fares, and increased choice for consumers

Question 60

Open skies agreement provisions

Answer 60

Open Markets Level Playing Field Pricing Co-operative Marketing Arrangements Dispute Resolution

Question 61

Open Skies Agreements are usually characterized by the abandonment (wholly or partially) of restrictions relating to routes, number of designated airlines, capacity, frequencies and types of aircraft that may be operated;

Answer 61

Open Markets

Question 62

Open Skies Agreements often include clauses that permit airlines operating in parties' countries to compete fairly and equally.

Answer 62

Level Playing Field

Question 63

Open Skies Agreements typically allow carriers much greater pricing flexibility than the more traditional Air Service Agreements (ASAs) they replace.

Answer 63

Pricing

Question 64

carriers are allowed to enter into code-sharing and/or leasing arrangements with airlines of countries which are parties to the agreement

Answer 64

Co-operative Marketing Arrangements

Question 65

Open Skies Agreements typically include procedures for resolving differences that may arise during the currency of the agreement;

Answer 65

Dispute Resolution

Question 66

A _______________, also known simply as codeshare, is a business arrangement, common in the aviation industry, in which two or more airlines publish and market the same flight under their own airline designator and flight number (the "airline flight code") as part of their published timetable or schedule.

Answer 66

Codeshare Agreement

Question 67

What is it called when a flight is operated by one airline

Answer 67

administrating carrier or operating carrier

Question 68

The term "_________" refers to the identifier used in a flight schedule, generally the two-character IATA airline designator code and flight number.

Answer 68

code

Question 69

Open Skies Agreement may be __________

Answer 69

multilateral, regional or bilateral

Question 70

some Open Skies Agreements allow airlines of a member country to operate pure cargo services between another member country and a third country, without insisting on a stop in the cargo carriers home country.

Answer 70

Optional 7th Freedom Cargo Rights:

Question 71

The exchange of traffic rights and routes with other countries shall be based on (a) the National Interest which shall include value for the Philippines in terms of promoting international trade; foreign investments and tourism, among others; and on (b) the reciprocity between the Philippines and other countries. The Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) shall determine “national interest” taking into consideration the larger interest of the country, especially the users of air services.” Limits coverage to major airports

Answer 71

EO 219

Question 72

Air access to the DMIA and SBIA is hereby declared as a development route. The increase in commercial air cargo access to the DMIA and SBIA shall be regarded as an enhancement of trade and investment opportunities for the Philippines.

Answer 72

EO 253

Question 73

The Clark Development Corporation is hereby included as a member of the Philippine Air Negotiating Panel. DMIA may apply for a waiver of any restriction or limitation on capacity, type of aircraft of non-cabotage traffic rights imposed by the relevant ASA on their right to operate such air services.

Answer 73

EO 500

Question 74

Foreign air carriers designated by states with an ASA with the Philippines that has not been granted the specific right to operate passenger, cargo or combination services to and from DMIA and SBIA, may apply for 3rd and 4th freedom traffic rights to DMIA and SBIA without restriction or limitation on capacity or type of aircraft; the CAB shall lift the limitations on 3rd and 4th freedoms and on type of aircraft as may be contained in said ASAs, only with respect to their operations to DMIA and SBIA;

Answer 74

EO 500-A

Question 75

Reorganization of Philippine Air Negotiating Panel and Philippine Air Consultation Panel

Answer 75

EO 28

Question 76

the Philippine Air Panels may offer and promote third, fourth, and fifth freedom right to the country’s airports other than the Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) without restriction as to frequency, capacity and type of aircraft, and other arrangements that will serve the national interest as may be determined by the CAB.”

Answer 76

EO 29

Question 77

As of 2002, the number with which the Philippines have existing ASAs stood at ____ countries worldwide.

Answer 77

51

Question 78

Only ___ countries have designated carriers to operate in the Philippines.

Answer 78

33

Question 79

The exchange of traffic rights with other countries shall be based on what?

Answer 79

National Interest and Reciprocity between ph and other countries

Question 80

6 Values of a National Flag Carrier

Answer 80

National Security and Defense Prestige and Representation Economic Development Strategic Access and Connectivity Emergency Response and Humanitarian Aid Control and Regulation

Question 81

A national flag carrier can play a crucial role in ___________ by providing transportation services for military personnel, equipment, and supplies.

Answer 81

National Security and Defense

Question 82

A national flag carrier represents the country on the international stage and serves as a symbol of national identity and pride.

Answer 82

Prestige and Representation

Question 83

A national airline can contribute to economic development by promoting tourism, facilitating trade and investment, and creating jobs in the aviation sector and related industries.

Answer 83

Economic Development

Question 84

A national flag carrier provides strategic access and connectivity to key domestic and international destinations, including underserved or remote areas that may not be economically viable for private airlines.

Answer 84

Strategic Access and Connectivity

Question 85

a national airline can mobilize quickly to provide emergency response and humanitarian aid, including the evacuation of citizens from affected areas and the transport of relief supplies and medical personnel.

Answer 85

Emergency Response and Humanitarian Aid

Question 86

Having a national flag carrier allows the government to exercise control and regulation over the aviation industry, ensuring compliance with safety standards, security protocols, and regulatory requirements.

Answer 86

Control and Regulation

Question 87

It is defined by Business Dictionary as airline or ship-line registered under the laws of a country whose government gives it a partial or total monopoly over international routes.

Answer 87

Flag Carrier

Question 88

_________ defined Flag Carrier an airline that is or was owned by a government, often with the name of the country in its name.

Answer 88

Cambridge Dictionary

Question 89

Airlines that offer low fares but eliminate all non-essential services such as complimentary food, in flight entertainment systems and business class seating

Answer 89

No Frills Airline