Canine Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
predisposed to acanthosis nigricans
A
dachshund
2
Q
Which phase of the estrous cycle does the female dog attract males?
A
proetrus and estrus
3
Q
What causes hypertrophic osteopathy in the metacarpal and metatarsal bones?
A
Pulmonary neoplasia
4
Q
What muscle attaches to the vertical ramus?
A
Temporalis
5
Q
A ruptured bullae can cause ___
A
pneumothorax
6
Q
Treatment for Taenia eggs
A
Ivermectin
7
Q
Drug that causes keratoconjunctivitis sicca
A
TMS
8
Q
Occurs in the mandible and affects young dogs and terrier breeds. This disease affect the tympanic bulla, temporal bones and temporomandibular joints.
A
Craniomandibular osteopathy
9
Q
Chronic leukemias have prominent ____ and ___
A
lymph node, spleen
10
Q
Canine roundworm
A
toxocara canis
11
Q
Canine whipworm
A
trichuris vulpis
12
Q
heartworm
A
dirofilaria immitis
13
Q
Can cause cough in puppy due to migration from small intestine through liver and lungs.
A
toxocara canis (roundworm)
14
Q
Causes rectum to herniate and is accompanied with tenesmus
A
Perineal hernia
15
Q
Bacteria associated with grass awn migration
A
Actinomyces
16
Q
Hypersensitivity that is IgE mediated
A
Type I
17
Q
Hypersensitivity that is an antibody-mediated dependent reaction due to IgG or IgM made against self antigens that resemble host cells
A
Type II
18
Q
Immune complex-mediated reaction
A
Type III
19
Q
Delayed hypersensitivity reaction and cell-mediated, T8-lymphocytes are sensitized to an antigen
A
Type IV
20
Q
Hair cycle arrest. Causes truncal alopecia and hyperpigmentation.
A
Alopecia X
21
Q
Treatment for alopecia X
A
castration
22
Q
Treatment for metastatic melanoma
A
ONCEPT
23
Q
Treatment for mast cell tumors
A
palladia
24
Q
Affects small and toy breed dogs, progressive blindness, retinal lesions
A
Progressive retinal atrophy
25
Treatment for VPCs
lidocaine
26
Most common ocular tumor of a dog
meibomian adenoma
27
obstruction of the meibomian gland and appears as a swelling within the eyelid
chalazion
28
Diagnostic for hypothyroidism
free T4
29
Free floating ocular brown, round circular mass
uveal cyst
30
Common complication of physeal break in young animal
angular limb deformity
31
Inherited defect that causes constricting obstruction of the esophagus at the level of the heart
persistent right aortic arch
32
Adrenergic vasoconstrictors
Epinephrine and phenylephrine
33
Treatment of choice for severe hyperextension injuries to the carpus
carpal arthrodesis
34
Major cross match for blood
Donor RBC, recipient plasma
35
Minor cross match
recipient red blood cells , donor plasma
36
Increased number of red blood cells
Polycythemia
37
Tetralogy of fallot
Pulmonic stenosis, dextro-positioned aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect and can lead to polycythemia
38
KCS is caused by abnormality of
lacrimal gland and gland of the 3rd eyelid
39
Breed predisposed to zinc dermatosis
Husky
40
Anesthetic for malignant hyperthermia
Halothane
41
Stone that forms when animal is treated with too much allopurinol
Xanthine
42
Medication used to treat urate stone formation in Dalmatians
Allupurinol
43
When can you see fetal skeleton in a dog
43 days
44
When can you see fetal skeleton in a cat
35-39 days
45
Happen when fluid builds around the heart
Cardiac tamponade
46
Ideal incision site for a gastrotomy (receiving foreign body from stomach)
Between greater and lesser curvature
47
Causes pyramid shape lesion in kidney
Renal infarct
48
Most common site of bone for osteosarcoma
Metaphysis
49
Immune mediated thrombocytopenia treatment
azathioprine, prednisone, cyclophosphamide
50
genetic defect in making allantoin from urates in their liver, low solubility of urate predisposes the dogs to form urate stones -> obstructions
Dalmations
51
Which way do GDVs usually rotate
counter clockwise, typically 180 degrees
52
Most likely side effect from treating a patient with clotrimazole (to treat sino-nasal fungal infection : Aspergillosis)
laryngeal inflammation
53
End goal of warfarin therapy
1.5 to 2 times normal prothrombin
54
What in a bronchiolar lavage would indicate coccidiomycosis
Spherule
55
What would indicate blastomycoses
Broad-based budding
56
What would indicate Cryptococcus
small yeast with a large capsule
57
What would indicate aspergillus
hypha
58
What would indicate histoplasma
small intracellular yeast
59
Autosomal recessive trait where platelets fail to aggregate in Basset Hounds, increased spontaneous bleeding
Canine thrombopathia
60
Shock dose isotonic crystalloids dog
90 mL/kg
61
Shocks dose isotonic crystalloids cat
40-60 mL/kg
62
Synthetic colloids shock dose dog
10-20 mL/kg
63
synthetic colloids shock dose cat
5-10 mL/kg
64
Shock dose hypertonic saline
5 mL/kg
65
Causes enamel hypoplasia
distemper
66
Urticaria
Hives
67
Sympathetic innervation to the bladder is provided by the
Hypogastric nerve
68
Radiographic view taken to asses tracheal collapse
end expiratory
69
symptoms include cryptorchidism, truncal alopecia, hyperpigmentation, gynecomastia, bone marrow issues, aplastic anemia
Sertoli cell tumor
70
Major adverse effect of cyclophosphamide
Cystitis
71
Drug that causes cardiotoxicity
doxorubicin
72
Drug that causes ileus
vincristine
73
Drug that causes anaphylaxis
L-asparaginase
74
Drug that causes nephrotoxicity
cisplatin
75
Surgical treatment for patients with laryngeal paralysis
Unilateral arytenoid lateralization
76
Treatment for idiopathic anterior uveitis
topical dexamethasone
77
Treatment for mast cells
H2 Blocker
78
What phase of estrus does a pyometra typically occur
Diestrus
79
Inherited disease of Basenji, causes hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis
Fanconi syndrome
80
Treatment for urinary incontinence and is a weak alpha agonist
Phenylpropanolamine
81
Fungal disease that is transmissible to humans
Sporotrichosis
82
Inflammation of the choroid and retine, includes gray spots in eye, retinal separation, and retinal hemorrhage
Chorioretinitis
83
Must be limited in large breed puppies to prevent skeletal abnormalities
calcium
84
Mannitol
osmotic diuretic
85
Furosemide
loop diuretic
86
Enalapril
ACE inhibitor
87
Spironolactone
aldosterone antagonsit
88
Acetazolamide
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
89
Treatment for transitional cell carcinoma
Piroxicam and carboplatin chemo
90
Antibiotic that causes bone marrow suppression in dogs
Pradofloxacin
91
Antibiotic that causes retinal degeneration in cats
Enrofloxacin
92
Found on a CBC in a dog with a ruptured splenic hemangiosarcoma
Schistocytes
93
Best way to find giardia canis trophozoites
direct fecal smear
94
Drug that causes splenic dilation and decreased hematocrit
acepromazine
95
Renal carcinoma results in ____ due to EPO secretion
Polycythemia
96
Necrotizing skin disorder that is associated with metabolic or vacuolar liver disease
hepatocutaneous syndrome
97
Drug used to treat glaucoma in dogs because it decreases aqueous production
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
98
Treatment for lead poisoning
Ca-EDTA
99
Classic finding for lead poisoning
Basophilic stappling
100
Most common cause of EPI in a dog
pancreatic acinar atrophy
101
What structure is typically injured during a CCL tear
medial meniscus
102
Antibiotic of choice for prostatitis
Enrofloxacin
103
Most common direction of coxofemoral luxations in dogs
craniodorsal
104
Vector for lyme disease
Ixodes
105
Treatment for primary lung tumor
excision with wide margins
106
Coagulation test that is delayed due to anticoagulatn rodenticide
PT
107
Measures extrinsic coag
PT
108
measures intrinsic coag
PTT
109
Heart sound like shoes in dryer
atrial fibrillation
110
Cushing's response
bradycardia and hypertension
111
Treatment for seizures in post partum dogs caused by eclampsia
Calcium gluconate
112
Predisposing factors to IMPA
SLE, sulfonamide exposure, mammary adenocarcinoma
113
Neutrophil lifespan
5-9 hours
114
Platelet lifespan
5-7 days
115
RBC lifespan
110 days
116
Treatment for ethylene glycol
4-MP (4-methylpyrazole)
117
Potassium infusion rate
0.5 mEq/kg/hr
118
Treatment for Taenia infection
praziquantel
119
Treatment for von willebrand factor deficiency
desmopressin acetate
120
treatment for giardia
metronidazole
121
Treatment for perianal fistula
cyclosporine
122
Use microscopic examination of macroconidia to diagnose
Dermatophytosis
123
Causes cartilage abnormalities in young animals
enrofloxacin
124
A positive ortolani sign occurs in affected dogs when manipulating what bone
femur
125
Most common side effect of ivermectin
neurotoxicity `
126
Treatment for KCS
cyclosporine eye drops
127
Characterized by 90% cornified epithelial cells
proestrus
128
Slows the heart by inhibiting the influx of calcium into the myocardial cells
diltiazem
129
Calcium channel blocker used to treat supraventricular tachycardias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hypertension
Diltiazem
130
Disease that causes benign hypopigmentation of the nose in huskies and other large breed dogs
vitiligo
131
Most common cause of pyometra in dogs older than 8
cystic endometrial hyperplasia
132
Primary source of infection of microsporum canis
cats
133
primary source of infection of microporum gypseum
soil
134
primary source of infection of trichophyton mentagrophytes
rodents
135
Treatment for TVT
vincristine
136
Causes eccentric hypertrophy of the left atrium and left ventricle
mitral valve regurgitation
137
Causes activation of H2 receptors, ulcers, coagulopathy, vasodilation and hypotension
mast cell tumor
138
trichogram diagnosis
dermatophytosis and demodex
139
Phenothiazines cause
hypotension
140
Drug that is known to cause a large amount of histamine release
Morphine
141
Radiographic change diagnostic for pleural effusion
pleural fissure line
142
Radiographic sign for consolidated lung
lobar sign
143
Radiographic sign seen with alveolar edema
air bronchogram
144
Treatment for ethylene glycol
hemodialysis
145
Best treatment for proptosis
tarsorrhaphy
146
Used to remove eyes with neoplasia infiltrating surrounding structures
Exenteration
147
Procedure to help complicated ulcers heal
Conjunctival flap
148
Procedure to remove cataracts
Phacoemulsification
149
Sterile granulomas and pustules on puppy face
juvenile cellulitis
150
Treatment for juvenile cellulitis
immunosuppressive glucocorticoids
151
Bunny hopping gait is usually associated with
hip dysplasia
152
Aquatic organism in SOutheast USA which has different cell wall than fungi and is difficult to treat
Pythium
153
treatment for pythium
amputation and antifungal
154
RER formula
70 x BW^.75
155
Type I salter fracture is through the
physis
156
Type II salter fracture is through the
physis and metaphysis
157
type III salter fracture is through the
physis and epiphysis
158
type IV salter fracture is through the
metaphysis, physis and epiphysis
159
type V salter fracture is
crush to physis
160
Hormone profile of dog in etrus
falling estrus, rising progesterone
161
Blepharospasm
twitching of eyelid/eye
162
What pressure should you not exceed when bagging the lung of a patient
20 cm H2o
163
Ketoconazole has an adverse effect of
hepatotoxicity
164
Raccoons carry
Baylisascaris and rabies
165
Condition that requires immediate lens removal
anterior lens luxation
166
Breed predisposed to choroidal hypoplasia
Collie
167
Difference and glucose between blood and peritoneal fluid
20 mg/dl
168
Breed predisposed to familial dermatomyositis
Collies
169
Valley fever
coccidiodes immitis
170
Dalmations are predisposed to ____ stone formation
urate
171
Side effect of chemotherapeutic drug cyclophasphamide
Cystsitis
172
Inhalant anesthetic with quickest speed of action
desflurane
173
Medication to treat atrial fibrillation
isoproterenol
174
components of nephrotic syndrome
hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, edema, proteinuria
