Canine and feline science Flashcards
what is the closest living wild relative to the dog
the grey wolf
selecting of plants and animals
domestication of plants and
animals occurred ~10,000 BCE
in the Fertile Crescent (modern
day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel,
Palestine and Jordan)
▪ Selection for specific traits for
domestication
domestication of the dog
▪ Dogs were the first animals
to be domesticated
▪ Likely >20,000 years ago
what are the two guesses for the way the wolf was domesticated
- Commensal
relationship (one species benefits, other isnt harmed) (not all people believe this: the wolf can hunt well by self, not like there is alot of food scraps) - Pup-adoption
hypothesis
what are some wolf behaviours dogs display
- Social animals
- Hunt in groups
- Raise young collectively
- Communicate
- Excellent individual
memory - Pack memory
- Inbreeding tolerance
- Adaptable lifestyle
what is believed to happen when animal is selected on based on tameness
▪ Changes in behaviour and
morphology
▪ Neural crest cells: precursor cells in
brain, bone and cartilage and
pigmentation
Selection for
domestication
top 10 purebred dog breeds
-lab
-golden
-GSD
-poodle
-frenchie
-aussie
-havenese
-sheltie
-PWD
-BMD
what cat was the domestic cat developed form
african wild cat
changes in cats due to domestication
▪ Reduction in body size
▪ Increased varieties of coat color and length
▪ Variation in eye color
▪ Domestic cat has multiple estrous cycles and most wild
cats have one per year
domestication of cats
-commensal relatioinship ~10,000 years ago
-probably the most recent domestication
-rodent control
-likely occurred in the fertile crescent
-were revered in ancient Egypt (4000 years ago, clear evidance)
cats in the medieval period
Blotched tabby pattern - recessive
mutation in gene Taqpep
* Breeding for this pattern observed in the Medieval Period
* Blotched tabby cat does not occur in the wild
top 5 most common cat breeds
-ragdoll
-maine coon
-devon rex
-the exotic
-persian
top 3 reasons people have cats as pets (besides as rodent control)
- Loving and
affectionate - Provide
companionship - Clean and easy to
care for
▪ These findings are
opposed to the
perception that cats are
independent and aloof
what art was found in asudi arabia
-polygraphs dates 8000-9000 years old
-dogs had up curved tails
-first depictions of human and dogs
-resembled modern canaan breed
what are some of the reasons people owned dogs through out the many years
-food sources
-religious roles (ancient egypt, china, mesoamerica)
-working dogs
-companionship
when did we start to see dog breeds develop
1800s we started seeing breeds thet bred true
animal assisted activities
-casual visitings: hospitals, schools, seniors houses
-calm temperments
-affectonate around people(including strangers)
-cats can also assist
animal assisted therapy
-dogs assisted in meeting established measurable goals
-goal orented, planned, structured, documented
-senior residents and care facilities
hospitals
-schools to promote studying
-children with autism
-prisions
assistant dog categories
-guide dog
-hearing dog
-service dog
-physical disabilities
-medical/seizure responce
-autism spectrum disorder
-physchiatric disabilities
assistance dogs
-trained to work or preform tasks for people with disabilities
guide dogs
assist people with visual disabilities
-avoid obsticles, stop at curbs & steps, ignore noise, negotiate traffic but also must be able to disobey commands that lead to danger
hearing dogs
-alert owners for sounds such as:
-door nock
-oven timer
-telephone
-baby cry
-person calling
other service dogs
-assist people with:
-physical disabilities: mobility & balance
-medical alerts: seizers, hypoglycaemia
-supporting psychiatric disabilities and autism
medical detection dogs
Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Characteristic behaviours prior to
seizure
* Dogs are able to detect a scent
or behavioural changes before
an epileptic attack
Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Cancer detection
* Human bladder cancer
from urine
* Lung cancer from breath
Produces volatile
chemicals
