Canine/Feline Insects

Question 1

Cuterebra spp-Taxonomic Classification

Answer 1

Order: Diptera
Family: Oestridae
Common Name: Rodent Bot Fly, Rabbit Bot Fly, New World Skin Bot Flies

Question 2

Cuterebra spp.-Hosts

Answer 2

Rabbits rodents are principle hosts.
Dogs, cats
*Zoonosis

Question 3

Cuterebra spp.-Identification

Answer 3

Adults: large (20-30mm), stout bodied and bee-like, mouthparts are vestigial and nonfunctional, short lived
3rd Stage Larvae: 2-4 cm long, dark brown, covered with black spines, obligatory parasites, host specific

Question 4

Cuterebra spp.-Life Cycle

Answer 4

ELPA
Female lays eggs in the environ. near the host’s nest→egg can sense temperature and will hatch instantaneously when a host brushes past→enter host through skin or natural body openings→migrates to subcutaneous site→develop into 3rd larval stage→emerge through skin and drop to soil to pupate→adult emerge in spring.

Question 5

Cuterebra spp.-Site of Infection

Answer 5

Subcutaneous connective tissue

Nasal and oral regions and migrate to brain

Question 6

Cuterebra spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

Answer 6

Fibrotic cyst forms from larva in subcutaneous tissue
Migration to brain leads to infarction (tissue death due to obstruction of blood supply) and ischemic encephalopathy (deficiency of blood because of obstruction)

Question 7

Cuterebra spp.-Clinical Signs

Answer 7

Lump in neck or legs, fur constantly wet, hole drips clear fluid

Question 8

Cuterebra spp.-Diagnosis

Answer 8

See larvae within subcutaneous skin

Remove carefully with forceps

Question 9

Cuterebra spp.-Treatment and Prevention

Answer 9

None approved

MCL heartworm prevention, imidacloprid, and fipronil may protect host

Question 10

Culicidae-Taxonomic Classification

Answer 10

Genera: Aedes, Anopheles, Culex

Common Name: Mosquitoes

Question 11

Culicidae-Identification

Answer 11

1 pair of wings, 1 pair of halteres, legs are thin and long, complex mouthparts form a long proboscis, antennae as long as proboscis, palps

Question 12

Trichodectes canis-Taxonomic Classification

Answer 12

Order: Phthiraptera
Suborder: Ischnocera (Mallophaga)
Common Name: Dog biting louse or canine chewing louse

Question 13

Trichodectes canis-Hosts

Answer 13

Dogs

Question 14

Trichodectes canis-Identification

Answer 14

Adult: wingless, 1.9mm long, head as broad or broader than thorax, biting mouthparts, yellowish
Eggs (nits): elongate, operculate, whitish and easily noticed

Question 15

Trichodectes canis-Life Cycle

Answer 15

ENNNA
Adult female lays eggs→hatch to nymphs→3 molts→adult
Host specific and requires the host for entire life cycle

Question 16

Trichodectes canis-Site of Infection

Answer 16

Hair, skin, edge of ears

Question 17

Trichodectes canis-Pathogenesis and Lesions

Answer 17

Vector for Dipylidium caninum

Found in animals that are neglected and underfed

Question 18

Trichodectes canis-Clinical Signs

Answer 18

Puritus, loss of hair, scratching, restlessness, anemia can occur

Question 19

Trichodectes canis-Diagnosis

Answer 19

Id of louse

Question 20

Trichodectes canis-Treatment and Prevention

Answer 20

Spread by direct dog to dog contact

Inseticides

Question 21

Linognathus setosus-Taxonomic Name

Answer 21

Order: Phthiraptera
Suborder: Anoplura
Common Name: Dog Sucking Louse

Question 22

Linognathus setosus-Hosts

Answer 22

Dogs

Question 23

Linognathus setosus-Identification

Answer 23

Adults: wingless, 3-5 mm long, flattened dorsoventrally, slate gray, narrower head than thorax, sucking mouthparts
Eggs (nits): elongate, operculate and whitish

Question 24

Linognathus setosus-Life Cycle

Answer 24

ENNNA
Adult female lays eggs→hatch to nymph→3 molts→adult
Nymph and adult can only survive a few hours off host
Cycle takes 2-4 weeks

Question 25

Linognathus setosus-Site of Infection

Answer 25

Skin

Question 26

Linognathus setosus-Pathogenesis and Lesions

Answer 26

Severe anemia with heavy infection

Question 27

Linognathus setosus-Clinical Signs

Answer 27

Loss of body condition | Damage to skin

Question 28

Linognathus setosus-Diagnosis

Answer 28

Id of louse

Question 29

Linognathus setosus-Treatment and Prevention

Answer 29

Spread by direct dog to dog contact | Insecticides

Question 30

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Taxonmonic Classification

Answer 30

Order: Siphonaptera | Common Name: cat/dog flea

Question 31

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Hosts

Answer 31

Dogs and Cats

Question 32

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Identification

Answer 32

Adults: 3 mm, dark brown, wingless Pupa: 5 mm, color varies Larva: 5 mm, worm-like Egg: 0.5 mm, oval, pearly white

Question 33

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Life Cycle

Answer 33

ELPA Adults lay eggs→eggs fall off host into environment ("salt shaker")→ eggs hatch into larval stages→3rd larval stage spin cocoon into pupa→pre-emerged adults are stimulated to emerge (can survive for 30 wks)→newly emerged adults can survive 2 weeks w/o feeding→jump onto host

Question 34

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Site of Infection

Answer 34

Skin, back, ventral abdomen, inner thighs

Question 35

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Pathogenesis and Lesions/Clinical Signs

Answer 35

Flea bite allergy→intense pruritus and dermatitis even from low number of fleas Large number of fleas can cause severe pruritus, alopecia and anemia Vectors of viruses, bacteria (Bartonella henselae), tapeworms etc.

Question 36

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Diagnosis

Answer 36

Presence of fleas, flea feces, blood on host and in bedding

Question 37

Ctenocephalides felis/canis-Treatment and Prevention

Answer 37

Requires breaking life cycle in several places Insecticides help but do not treat all life stages Environmental control→vacuum frequently, mow lawn/rake clippings, allow treated pet to roam usually places, foggers, dusting powders, sprays

Question 38

Reduviidae-Taxonomic Classification

Answer 38

Order: Hemiptera | Common Name: Assassin bugs or kissing bugs

Question 39

Cimicidae-Taxonomic Classification

Answer 39

Order: Hemiptera | Common Name: Beds bugs

Question 40

Reduviidae/Cimicidae-Hosts

Answer 40

Many animals and humans Reduviidae: painful bites Cimicidae: painless bites

Question 41

Reduviidae/Cimicidae-Identification

Answer 41

Bedbugs: 5-7 mm in length Reduviids: 18 mm in length Mouthparts are beaks, designed for piercing and blood sucking