Cap 10-12 Pt3

Question 1

What are healthcare-associated infections also known as?

Answer 1

Nosocomial infections

Nosocomial infections are infections acquired in a healthcare setting.

Question 2

What is defined as the number of new cases of a disease counted over a certain period of time compared with the general healthy population?

Answer 2

Incidence

Incidence measures the frequency of new cases in a specific time frame.

Question 3

What do you call an organism that does not normally cause disease in a healthy individual but can cause disease when there is an imbalance in normal flora or when the host becomes immunocompromised?

Answer 3

Opportunist pathogen

Opportunist pathogens take advantage of certain conditions to cause disease.

Question 4

What are animals, usually arthropods, that carry pathogens from one host to another called?

Answer 4

Vectors

Vectors play a crucial role in the transmission of diseases.

Question 5

What is the study of the cause of disease called?

Answer 5

Etiology

Etiology encompasses the investigation of biological, environmental, and behavioral factors that contribute to disease.

Question 6

Infections that may result from medical procedures such as the use of catheters, invasive diagnostic procedures, and surgery are referred to as _______.

Answer 6

iatrogenic infections

Iatrogenic infections are a significant concern in healthcare settings.