Cardio Exam 1 Medchem

Question 1

Cholinergic Agonists

Answer 1

Direct:
-acetylcholine
-carbachol
-bethanocol
-pilocarpine
-Cevimeline

Indirect:

Reversible:
-physostigmine
-neostigmine
-pyridostigmine
-edrophonium

Irreversible:
-echothiophate

Question 2

Cholinergic Antagonists

Answer 2

Muscarinic:
-atropine
-tropicamide, cyclopentolate, homatropine, atropine
-oxybutynin
-scopolamine
-ipratropium
-benztropine

Ganglionic Blockers:
-botulinum

Nicotinic:
non-depolarizing
-tubocrurine
-cisatrcurium
-pancuronium
depolariazing
-succinylcholine

Question 3

Carbachol

Answer 3

Direct acting cholinergic agonist

Glaucoma

Question 4

Bethanochol

Answer 4

Direct acting cholinergic agonist

treats post-operative urinary retention

*selective for muscarinic

Question 5

Pilocarpine

Answer 5

Direct acting cholinergic agonist

glaucoma, dry mouth

*no longer used
*selective for muscarinic

Question 6

Cevimeline

Answer 6

direct acting cholinergic agonist

dry mouth

*selective for m1 and m3

Question 7

physostigmine

Answer 7

Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

-glaucoma, reverse atropine

Question 8

neostigmine

Answer 8

Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

-myasthenia gravis, post-operative urinary retention

Question 9

pyridostigmine

Answer 9

Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

-myasthenia gravis

Question 10

Edrophonium

Answer 10

Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

-was used to treat myasthenia gravis

Question 11

Echothiophate

Answer 11

Irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor

-glaucoma

Question 12

Atropine

Answer 12

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-retinal exams, bradycardia

Question 13

Tropicamide, cyclopentolate, homatropine

Answer 13

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-eye exams

Question 14

Scopolamine

Answer 14

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-motion sickness

Question 15

Ipatropium

Answer 15

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-COPD and nasal discharge

Question 16

oxybutynin

Answer 16

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-overactive bladder

Question 17

Benztropine

Answer 17

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-muscarinic

-parkinsons

Question 18

Botulinum toxin

Answer 18

ganglionic blocker

Question 19

tubocurarine, cisatracurium, pancuronium

Answer 19

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-nicotinic

-surgical procedures

*non-depolarizing

Question 20

succinylcholine

Answer 20

Cholinergic Antagonist- anti-nicotinic

-surgical procedures

*depolarizing agent

Question 21

Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 21

-epinephrine
-norepinephrine (less beta-2, beta-3)

alpha-1:
phenylephrine
midodrine

alpha-2:
-clonidine
-oxymetazoline

Beta:
-isoproterneol
1-dobutamine
2-albuterol
3-mirabegron

Mixed:
-ephedrine
-pseudophedrine

Indirect: amphetamine

Question 22

Phenylephrine

Answer 22

alpha-1 selective adernergic agonist

-hypotension, nasal decongestant (no longer used), and dilating pupils

Question 23

Midodrine

Answer 23

alpha-1 selective adernergic agonist

-hypotension

Question 24

Clonidine

Answer 24

alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist

-hypertension, severe pain, and ADHD

Question 25

oxymetazoline

Answer 25

alpha-2 selective adrenergic agonist -deconngestant

Question 26

isoproteronol

Answer 26

Beta-selective agonist -bronchospasms in COPD

Question 27

dobutamine

Answer 27

beta-1 selective agonist -acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock

Question 28

Albuterol

Answer 28

beta-2 selective agonist -asthma

Question 29

Mirabegron

Answer 29

beta-3 selective agonist -overactive bladder

Question 30

ephedrine and pseudophedrine

Answer 30

Mixed acting sympathomimetics -ephedrine no longer used -decongestant

Question 31

amphetamine

Answer 31

indirect acting sympathomimetics

Question 32

Adrenergic antagonists

Answer 32

alpha: -phenoxybenzamine (irreversible) -prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin Beta: -propranolol -atenolol Mixed: -labetolol -carvedilol

Question 33

phenoxybenzamine

Answer 33

irreversible alpha-blocker -pheochromocytoma

Question 34

prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

Answer 34

reversible alpha blocker -mild to moderate htn, benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 35

propranolol

Answer 35

beta-blocker non-selective

Question 36

atenolol and metoprolol

Answer 36

beta-blocker selective for Beta-1

Question 37

labetolol and carvedilol

Answer 37

beta-blocker mixed affinity for alpha and beta