Cardiology Flashcards Preview

Adult Health > Cardiology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiology Deck (20)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Normal EF?

A

55-60%

2
Q

What to do for patients taking aldosterone?

A

Check K, not for patients with Cr >2.5

3
Q

Most common symptom for CAD?

A

Angina

4
Q

Differential diagnosis for HF exacerbation in an established patient?

A

MI, alcohol, dietary indiscretion, med noncompliance, pulmonary process

5
Q

What to do for secondary Prevention of heart disease?

A

Aspirin indefinitely, fix modifiable risk factors

6
Q

Treatment for Stage A HF?

A

Manage risk factors, aggressive BP control

7
Q

EKG changes for ischemia? x4

A

T- wave inversion, ST segment depression, T wave flattening, biphasic T wave

8
Q

Class I-IV?

A
  1. No symptoms 2. slight limiation 3.Marked limitation 4. Symptomatic at rest
9
Q

Stage A-D?

A

A-Risk B- Asymptomatic but structural disease C- Past or current symptoms of HF D- Refactory HF

10
Q

Most common cause of RV failure?

A

LV failure

11
Q

Treatment Stage C HF?

A

BB, ARB, Aldosterone, dig, hydralazine, nitrates

12
Q

What level of BNP usually rules out HF?

A
13
Q

Typical Angina Symptoms

A
  1. Substernal chest discomfort 2. Provoked by exertion/stress 3. Relieved by nitrates
14
Q

Differentiating between R and L heart failure?

A

Left is pulmonary, Right is systemic

15
Q

How soon does troponin raise?

A

3-6 hours

16
Q

Atypical Angina

A

only two of the three for typical angina. Non cardiac problems only cause 1 or less

17
Q

ST elevation markers?

A

1 mm in limb leads, 2 mm in precordial leads

18
Q

Qualification for pathologic Q wave?

A

25% or more the height of the R wave.

19
Q

Treatment for Stage B HF?

A

BB and ARB, AICD (if EF < 30%) , fix surgical problems (valves)

20
Q

Medication to avoid in stage B heart failure

A

Digoxin and CCB, may worsen heart failure in asymptomatic individuals