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Flashcards in Valve Disorders Deck (18)
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1
Q

What is the most common valve problem?

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse 2.4%

2
Q

Why is MVP problematic?

A

May predispose the patient to clots or endocarditis. Can also lead to mitral insufficiency.

3
Q

Three common causes of valve disorders?

A

Bacterial endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and aortic calcification

4
Q

Presentation (history) about valve disorders?

A

dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, fatigue, hoarseness, palpitations, weakness, chest pain, heart failure, vertigo, synchopy, and peripheral edema

5
Q

What part of the stethoscope is used for low pitched sounds?

A

The bell

6
Q

What part of the stethoscope is used for high pitched sounds?

A

The diaphram

7
Q

What to do for mitral valve prolapse?

A
  • No medical treatment
  • Metoprolol if palpitations
  • Reduce smoking, drinking, and caffeine if palpations
8
Q

When do you give ASA for MVP?

A

TIA/Stroke, atrial fibrilation

9
Q

What do you do for mitral valve stenosis?

A

Reduce fluid load with diuretics, and sodium restriction.

10
Q

What do you do for mitral regurgitation?

A
  • Use vasodilators and prescribe diltiazem and anticoagulants.
  • Restrict sodium and use diuretics
11
Q

When do you NOT order an echo for murmurs?

A

Only if it’s mid-systolic, grade 2 or less, without ANY associated findings.

12
Q

What is the auscultation finding for aortic stenosis?

A

harsh crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard over the aortic area and radiating into the carotids.

13
Q

What is Marfan’s syndrome associated with?

A
  1. Aortic regurgitation
  2. enlarged aortic aneurysm.
  3. MVP
14
Q

Findings for aortic regurgitation?

A
  • Wide pulse pressure

- Diastolic decrescendo murmur

15
Q

Auscultation of mitral stenosis?

A

Loud S1 and an opening snap in diastole followed by a mid diastolic rumble
-Heard best at the apex in the left lateral position.

16
Q

Auscultation of Mitral Regurgitation?

A

Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla

17
Q

What disease if MVP associated with?

A

Marfan Syndrome

18
Q

Auscultation of MVP?

A

Midsystolic click