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Flashcards in GI Deck (34)
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1
Q

How is visceral pain described?

A

Deep, dull, crampy, poorly localized

2
Q

How is parietal pain described?

A

sharp, localized

3
Q

What does rebound tenderness suggest?

A

Peritoneal inflammation

4
Q

What does vascular pain look like?

A

Severe, ripping, radiating to back

5
Q

Lead poisoning pain?

A

Poorly localized, wandering pain, rigid abdomen

6
Q

What are some causes of referred pain to abdomen?

A

MI, pneumonia, ovarian problems, urinary tract problems

7
Q

What medication can worsen GERD?

A

CCB, progestin, estrogens

8
Q

Red flags for Gerd?

A

Dysphagia, odynophagia, globus, asthma, GI bleeding, weight loss, anemia, gastric cancer, palpable mass, jaundice

9
Q

What’s an important differential diagnoisis for GERD?

A

Hiatal hernia

10
Q

Step therapy for GERD?

A
  1. Lifestyle modifications, tums, malox, mylanta, cimetidine, rinatidine
  2. Prescription medications
  3. Increase PPI for 8-12 weeks, possible referral
  4. Refferal and possible surgical intervention
11
Q

What’s an important complication of GERD?

A

Barret’s esophagus, 40x increased risk for esophageal cancer, EGD every 3-5 years to look for cancer

12
Q

Factors for PUD?

A

NSAIDS, alcohol, tobacco, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, H. Pylori

13
Q

Differential for PUD from gastric to duodenal?

A
  1. Duodenal is woken up at night, relieved by food.

2. Gastric is worsened by food

14
Q

When do you do endoscopy for PUD?

A

for alarm signs, including hx of gastric cancer, weight loss, bleeding, anemia, abdominal mass, hematemesis, early saiety

15
Q

Treatments for PUD?

A

PPIs, H2 blockers, antacids, cytotec, COX-2 inhibitors, Carafate, H.Pylori eradication

16
Q

What is triple and quad therapy for H. Pylori

A

Triple- Ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin or flagyl, PPI

Quad- Bismuth, PPI, Flagyl + tetracycline

17
Q

What is a side effect of Bismuth?

A

Hypoglycemia and turning stools black

18
Q

When should you refer for PUD?

A

> 2 weeks, suspect gastric ulcer, treatment failure, endoscopy

19
Q

Risk factors for gallstones

A
  1. Fat
  2. female
  3. 40
  4. flatulet,
  5. fertile
  6. fat intolerant
    Rapid weight loss
20
Q

Assessment sign for gallstones and cholecystitis?

A

Murphy’s Sign

21
Q

Labs suggestive of cholecystitis?

A

Increase alkaline phosphatase and billiruben, U/S, WBC up to 15K

22
Q

Symptoms of IBS/ Rome Criteria?

A
  1. painless diarrhea
  2. Abdominal pain with altered bowel habits
  3. Abdominal pain with relief with dedication, mucus in stool
23
Q

Physical exam of IBS?

A

may have tender sigmoid colon and discomfort on rectal exam

24
Q

Treatment of IBS?

A

Fiber, antispasmodics (bentyl), antidiarrhea, reglan, antidepressants, probiotics

25
Q

When do you refer IBS?

A

Patient’s >50y.o. organic disease, treatment failures

26
Q

Important risk factors for colon cancer?

A

Advanced age, family history, etcetera

27
Q

Main symptom for colon cancer?

A

Change in BM

28
Q

Systemic signs of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn Disease?

A
  1. Central Arthropothies- ankylosing spondylitis and sacroiliitis
  2. Peripheral arthritis
  3. Osteoporosis
  4. Erythema nudism
  5. Pyoderma gangrenosum
  6. Aphthous ulcers
  7. Episcleritis
  8. Uveitis
    9Gallstones/Primary Sclerosing cholangitis
29
Q

Describe diverticular disease

A

Greater than 40 y.o., LLQ pain, possible firm mass, CT with oral contrast is best test

30
Q

Assessment findings for pancreatitis?

A

Relieved by sitting up, worse when laying down

31
Q

Risk factors for bowel obstruction? x4

A

Hernia, adhesions, cancer, diverticulitis

32
Q

Mediations for diverticulitis?

A

Flagyl and clindamycin

33
Q

Difference between UC and CD

A
  1. UC is more common in men, continuous, and situated rectum

2. CD is more common in women, can have skip lesions, anywhere in the GI system.

34
Q

What disease can be surgically cured and why? CD or UC?

A

UC because it’s only limited to the small bowel. Total colectomy is curative.