Cardiovascular: How does the circulatory system work? Flashcards
what does vasoconstriction do?
reduces blood flow to the organ/tissue supplied
what doe vasodilatation?
increases blood flow to the organ/tissue supplied
what vertebrae segments have lateral horns?
only T1/T2
what are the 4 parts of the aorta?
- the ascending aorta - splits into right and left coronary arteries
- the arch of the aorta (3 branches)
- the thoracic aorta
- abdominal aorta
what are the 3 branches of the arch of the aorta? (from Left to Right)
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
what does the brachiocephalic trunk bifurcate to?
the right subclavian
the right common carotid artery
where does the right vertebral artery pass through?
passes through the transverse foramina in cervical vertebrae then through foramen magnum to enter the cranial cavity
where in the brain does the left and right internal carotid artery go to?
circle of willis
where is the carotid sinus located?
located at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage -
what is the carotid sinus innervated by?
glossopharyngeal nerve
what is the anastomoses?
is where the arteries connect with one another without intervening with the capillary network
what is the left subclavian artery called as it passes through the clavicle?
left axillary artery and then becomes the left brachial artery before splitting into the left radial and ulnar after
what are the names of the 2 main venous systems?
hepatic portal venous system
systemic venous system
what does the hepatic portal venous system do?
drains venous blood from absorptive parts of the GI tract and associated organs to the liver for ‘cleaning’
what does the systemic venous system?
drains venous blood from all others organs and tissues into the superior or inferior vena cava
