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FF2 Exam 1 > Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Who first proved that the heart pumped blood into circulatory system and when?

A

1628 - William Harvey

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2
Q

What is the main function of the CVS?

A

Transport

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3
Q

Why is the circulatory rate normally regulated by peripheral- vascular factors?

A

Because it is positively pressured (heart fills passively)

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4
Q

What does blood flow depend on?

A
  • Vascular resistance
    -System compliance
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5
Q

An increase in vascular resistance may cause what?

A

Hypertension

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6
Q

Compare ventricular capacity with diastolic filling volume

A

Ventricular capacity exceeds diastolic filling volume

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7
Q

Diastolic filling volume is defined as

A

The amount of blood that the ventricles hold before contracting

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8
Q

What percent of BW is the heart?

A

0.75%

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9
Q

The right pump of the heart receives what blood?

A

Deoxygenated

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10
Q

Which valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid

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11
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the blood to the right atrium?

A

Vena Cava

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12
Q

Which blood vessel comes out of the right ventricle?

A

Pulmonary a.

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13
Q

Oxygenate blood is received by which side of the heart?

A

Left side

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14
Q

Which valve is between the left atrium and ventricle? q

A

Mitral valve

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15
Q

Which blood vessel brings blood to the left side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary vein

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16
Q

The left ventricle supplies blood to the body through which blood vessel?

A

Aorta

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17
Q

Where is the CVS located?

A

Within the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum

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18
Q

List the 3 functional components of the CVS

A
  • Myocardium
  • Conduction system
  • Nerve supply
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19
Q

The nervous system regulation of the heart is described as?

A

Intrinsic conduction system

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20
Q

Which percent of cardiac muscles are autorythmic?

A

1%

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21
Q

Ventricular contraction only proceeds with the activation of which node?

A

Sino-atrial (SA) node

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22
Q

What is the function for the intrinsic conduction system?

A

Initiate and distribute impulses for heart to depolarize and contract in an orderly manner

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23
Q

List the 5 steps of an impulse in the heart

A
  • SA node
  • AV node
  • Bundle of His
  • Bundle branches
  • Purkinje fibers
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24
Q

What is the only artery of the body that carries deoxygenated blood?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pulmonary artery

25
In an ECGm, what does the QRS complex represent?
Ventricle contraction
26
What is the letter that represents atrium contraction in the ECG?
P wave
27
In an ECG, depolarization (ventricle relaxation) is represented by which letter?
T
28
In an ECG, depolarization (ventricle relaxation) is represented by which letter?
T
29
List 3 things the Sympathetic NS can do in the CVS
- Increase SA node firing, conduction velocity (AV Node), and contraction force
30
List 3 things the Parasympathetic NS can do to the CVS
- decrease firing and conduction velocity - increase K permeability (more negative-hyperpolarizes)
31
Cardiovascular dysfunction can be ?
Congenital or acquired
32
Describe Primary CV dysfunction
A direct disturbance to the CVS such as myocarditis
33
What type of CV dysfunction is described as complications out of the system that affect the CVS itself? An example is a severe burn or diarrhea
Secondary CV Dysfunction
34
What type of CV dysfunction is described as complications out of the system that affect the CVS itself? An example is a severe burn or diarrhea
Secondary CV Dysfunction
35
Describe the systemic path of circulation
- pulmonary vein - left atrium - mitral valve - left ventricle - aorta
36
Systemic circulation is categorized as (high/low) Pressure
High (70-105 mmHg)
37
Systemic circulation is categorized as (high/low) Pressure
High (70-105 mmHg)
38
Which circulation carries oxygenated blood to the organs?
Systemic
39
What is the function of pulmonary circulation?
Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs and return it to the heart
40
Which circulation goes from RA to RV to lungs to pulmonary vein?
Pulmonary
41
What is the approximate pressure in the pulmonary circulation?
10-22 mmHg
42
Describe the blood distribution in central circulation vs systemic in percentages
Central circulation - 25% Systemic circulation - 75%
43
Define cardiac output
Volume of blood pumped per minute by the left ventricle
44
In which system is there more blood, artery or venous?
Venous system
45
What are some substance transported by the CVS?
Metabolic substrates (O2, AA, glucose, FA)
46
List the 2 types of transport
- Bulk flow - Diffusion
47
Which type of blood flow is from heart to body parts and characterized as rapid?
Bulk flow
48
Define diffusion
Substances move across blood vessels from bloodstream into interstitial fluid ; passive
49
What is the source of energy for diffusion?
Concentration difference between capillaries and interstitial spaces
50
Define blood
Suspension of cells in liquid
51
Carrying oxygen from lungs to cells, supplying nutrients to cells and transport is the function of which connective tissue?
Blood
52
What can blood regulate?
Body temp, pH, volume
53
What is the extracellular liquid of blood that contains H2O, proteins, hormones and nutrients called?
Plasma
54
Define serum
Liquid portion upon coagulation`
55
The percent of formed elements is the ______________
Hematocrit (RBCs volume)
56
The percent of formed elements is the ______________
Hematocrit (RBCs volume)
57
Define perfusion
The difference between 2 parts of a blood vessel
58
Define transmural pressure
Difference in pressure inside and outside of a vessel

FF2 Exam 1 (6 decks)

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