Cardiovascular System

Question 1

the heart’s
internal electrical circuit; enables the heart to beat in
the external environment

Answer 1

Sinoatrial Nodal Purkinje System

Question 2

Atrioventricular valves are valves between the atrium & ventricle which prevent backflow. The one between the right atrium & right ventricle is the ___.

Answer 2

tricuspid valve

Question 3

Atrioventricular valves are valves between the atrium & ventricle which prevent backflow. The one between the left atrium & left ventricle is the ___.

Answer 3

bicuspid valve

or mitral valve

Question 4

semilunar valve between right

ventricle and pulmonary artery

Answer 4

pulmonary valve

Question 5

semilunar valve between left ventricle and

aorta

Answer 5

aortic valve

Question 6

layer of blood vessel that interacts with blood

Answer 6

tunica intima

Question 7

arteries contains a lot of ___, making them
efficient pressure reservoirs, expanding
and recoiling as the heart ejects blood

Answer 7

elastin

Question 8

The farther the vessel from the heart, the ___
resistance of blood flow

higher or lower?

Answer 8

higher! bec smaller diameter

Question 9

thickest layer in arteries

Answer 9

tunica media

Question 10

thickest layer in veins

Answer 10

tunica adventitia

Question 11

valves are present in ___

a. arteries
b. veins
c. capillaries
d. a, b and c

Answer 11

b. veins

Question 12

Pick the false statement
a. Veins are more superficial than arteries.
b. The heart is not insensitive to
the messages of the brain and reflexes of the spinal
cord.
c. Pulmonary and systemic circuits have unequal volumes of blood pumped.
d. All are false.

Answer 12

c. Pulmonary and systemic circuits have unequal volumes of blood pumped.

They pump equal amounts of blood. It’s just that they really have unequal workload!

Question 13

Pick the false statement

a. Right and left ventricles contract simultaneously.
b. Atria and ventricles contract simultaneously.
c. Failure of one side to contract means failure of the other side to contract.
d. All are false.

Answer 13

b. Atria and ventricles contract simultaneously.

atria then ventricles to prevent backflow

Question 14

Pick the false statement

a. Blood pressure does not vary in the different blood vessels of the body.
b. Blood pressure is lowest in the arteries (specifically in the aorta)
c. Blood pressure is highest at the superior vena cava before it enters the heart.
d. All are false.

Answer 14

d. All are false!

Blood pressure is highest in the arteries (specifically in the aorta) and lowest at the superior vena cava before it enters the heart. Hence, it varies in the diff blood vessels

Question 15

instrument for measuring blood pressure

Answer 15

sphygmomanometer

Question 16

False about systolic blood pressure:

a. Blood pressure when the heart is relaxing
b. Exerted on the walls of bigger vessels
c. Maximum arterial pressure during ejection of blood from the heart
d. beginning of ventricular systole; caused by a turbulence because of heart contraction
e. “lub”

Answer 16

a. blood pressure when heart is relaxing

contracting dapat

Question 17

False about diastolic blood pressure
a. Blood pressure when the heart is relaxing
b. Exerted on the walls of bigger vessels
c. Lower number or the second
number recorded in BP
d. “dub”
e.produced by the intraventricular pressure
beginning to rise

Answer 17

e.produced by the intraventricular pressure
beginning to rise

rise? fall dapat

Question 18

venous return is dependent on the following factors:

a. Skeletal muscle contraction
b. Presence of valves in veins
c. Respiratory movement
d. number of capillaries in the body

Answer 18

d. number of capillaries in the body

Question 19

Peripheral resistance (resistance of arteries to blood flow) depends on all factors except:

a. Blood viscosity
b. Blood vessel length
c. Blood vessel diameter
d. Blood amount

Answer 19

d. Blood amount

Question 20

Pick the false statement

a. Blood pressure and blood flow are directly proportional.
b. Thick, viscous blood –> higher BP
c. When cells bump at inner wall of the blood vessel, it increases the momentum of blood, thereby resulting in faster blood flow.
d. all are false

Answer 20

c. When cells bump at inner wall of the blood vessel, it increases the momentum of blood, thereby resulting in faster blood flow.

cells bumping inner wall –>slower blood flow

Question 21

difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure

Answer 21

pulse pressure

Question 22

Baroreceptors are located in the following except:

a. carotid sinuses
b. aortic arch
c. walls of large arteries in the neck and thorax
d. none of the above

Answer 22

d. none of the above

Question 23

False about the heart’s pacemaker

a. it’s the sinoatrial node
b. it needs nervous stimuli to function
c. its intrinsic rhythm determines the heart rate
d. none of the above

Answer 23

b. it needs nervous stimuli to function

it does not need nervous stimuli to function

Question 24

Arrange the sequence of the cardiac electrical signal stations at the Sinoatrial Nodal Purkinje System!

A. Purkinje fibers
B. Bundle of His
C. AV Node
D. Sinoatrial Node
E. Right and Left Bundle Branches

Answer 24

D, C, B, E, A

Question 25

When the SA node loses its ability to generate an | impulse, the heart will stop beating because no other tissue can replace the SA node :'( true or false?

Answer 25

False! When the SA node loses its ability to generate an impulse, the “pacemaker” activity will shift to another excitable component of the conduction system, such as the AV node or Purkinje fibers. These pacemakers generally, have a slower discharge rate relative to the SA node.

Question 26

artificial pacemakers that fire only when the heart rate decreases below a preset minimum are called __

Answer 26

demand pacemakers

Question 27

instrument that detects the electrical currents generated in and transmitted through the heart

Answer 27

electrocardiogram

Question 28

Pick the true statement a. P Wave -- atrial depolarization --> atrial contraction b. QRS Complex – ventricular depolarization --> ventricular relaxation c. T Wave – Ventricular repolarization --> atrial relaxation

Answer 28

a.P Wave -- atrial depolarization --> atrial contraction //corrected versions// b.QRS Complex – ventricular depolarization --> ventricular contraction c.T Wave – Ventricular repolarization --> ventricular relaxation

Question 29

False about ventricular filling (cardiac cycle) a. heart chambers are contracted b. atria contract causing a rise in atrial pressure, forcing remaining blood into ventricles c.AV valves open, semilunar valves close

Answer 29

a. heart chambers are contracted relaxed dapat

Question 30

False about ventricular contraction (cardiac cycle) a.ventricular pressure rises and exceeds pressure in the large arteries b. ventricles become closed cavities and the blood volume in the chambers remains constant c. both AV valves and semilunar valves are open d. blood from ventricles ejected towards aorta and pulmonary artery

Answer 30

c. both AV valves and semilunar valves are open AV valves are closed

Question 31

false about isovolumetric relaxation a. ventricles relax b. ventricular pressure decreases c. blood flows back to the heart d. blood flows to pulmonary artery

Answer 31

d. blood flows to pulmonary artery | ^ sa ventricular contraction ito :D

Question 32

All of the following indicate increased heart rate except: a. hypoxia b. hypovolemia c. hypothyroidism d. exercise

Answer 32

c. hypothyroidism | ^ leads to decreased heart rate

Question 33

Pick the false statement a. Blood vessels constrict at cold temperature. b. Blood vessels dilate at hot temperature. c. In high altitude, blood flows faster. d. Arterial pulse occurs with each beat of the left ventricle

Answer 33

c. In high altitude, blood flows faster. | (dapat slow blood flow due to additional blood cells)