cardiovascular system overview

Question 1

four chambered pump

Answer 1

heart

Question 2

closed network of tubes that transport the blood

Answer 2

blood vessels

Question 2

transport blood away from heart

Answer 2

arteries

Question 3

transport blood towards the heart

Answer 3

veins

Question 4

smallest of the vessels, allow for exchange within tissue

Answer 4

capillaries

Question 5

all vessels contain

Tunica externa (adventitia)- outer most connective
tissue
* Tunica media- middle smooth muscle layer
* Tunica intima- inner endothelial lining

Question 6

major differences between arteries v vein

Answer 6

tunica media are thin in veins
* Lumen diameter is large
* Valves are present in veins

Question 7

Chronic inflammation reaction in the walls of the
arteries
* Decreases the blood flow downstream
* The importance of ____ and its effects
depend upon which vessel is affected

Answer 7

atherosclerosis

Question 8

The heart is a four chambered pump (acts as two separate pumps)

Answer 8

two atria and two ventricles

Question 9

heart Pumps blood to two different circulation systems

Answer 9

systemic cirulation and pulmonary circulation

Question 10

Great vessels
* Towards the heart: Superior vena cava (SVC), Inferior vena cava (IVC),
Pulmonary veins

Answer 10

• Away from the heart: Pulmonary trunk, Aorta

Question 11

When the subclavian passes under the clavicle, it becomes the

Answer 11

axillary

Question 12

Axillary branches to become the brachial

Answer 12

• Near the elbow the brachial divides to become the radial and
  ulna

Question 13

A fusion of two or more arteries or veins
without a n intervening capillary bed

Answer 13

anastomoses

Question 14

when is allen test done

Answer 14

Done before drawing arteriole
blood, gives confirmation that the
ulnar and radial arteries are open
and working

Question 15

of veins drains the
thoracic walls, it is made up by:
* Azygos on the right
* Hemiazygos on the inferior left
* Accessory hemiazygos on the superior left
* The azygos drains into the SVC

Answer 15

Azygos system

Question 16

abdominal aorta

Answer 16

Anterior branches-
* Feed the GI tract
* Lateral branches-

• Feed everything else in the
  abdomen
• Kidneys, gonads, and walls

Question 17

anterior branches

Answer 17

Celiac trunk- branches quickly and
feeds the foregut
* Superior mesenteric artery- feeds the
midgut
* Inferior mesenteric artery- feeds the
hindgu

Question 18

Esophagus, stomach, duodenum (up
until the major duodenal papilla), liver,
pancreas gallbladder, spleen

Answer 18

foregut

Question 19

The rest of the duodenum, jejunum,
ileum, cecum, ascending colon, first 2/3
of the transverse colon

Answer 19

midgut

Question 20

• Last 1/3 of the transverse colon,
  descending colon, sigmoid colon,
  superior rectum

Answer 20

hindgut

Question 21

Renal arteries
* Gonadal arteries
* Lumbar arteries

Answer 21

major lateral branches

Question 22

terminal branching of the aorta happens in the

Answer 22

pelvis

Question 23

vascular network in which blood is
collected by one set of capillaries, passes through a
vein to another set of capillaries before returning to
the systemic circulation

Answer 23

portal system

Question 24

blood fed by the anterior branches will ultimately drain into the liver BEFORE going to the IVC

Answer 24

portal blood

Question 25

The portal vein drains into

Answer 25

liver, the hepatic vein will drain FROM the liver into the IVC.

Question 25

whats portosystemic anastomoses

Answer 25

Areas of the body that are both drained by portal veins, and veins in the systemic circulation

Question 26

increased pressure in the portal system can cause a back up of blood and pushes the blood into

Answer 26

into the system

Question 27

three primary areas of clinical concern

Answer 27

Esophagus * Rectum * Umbilicus

Question 27

pelvic blood flow external iliac artery primarily feeds

Answer 27

the lower limb

Question 28

When the external iliac artery crosses the inguinal ligament it becomes the

Answer 28

femoral artery

Question 29

internal iliac artery feeds the pelvis and

Answer 29

reproductive organs, gluteal region, and inner thighs

Question 30

The femoral artery passes into the

Answer 30

popliteal fossa and becomes the popliteal artery

Question 31

artery branches into the Anterior tibial and Posterior tibial artery

Answer 31

the popliteal

Question 32

The Anterior tibial artery becomes the

Answer 32

Dorsalis pedis artery (clinical pulse point)