Carla Diaz Flashcards
(35 cards)
what is angina
chest pain that happens when heart doesn’t get enough oxygenated blood caused by narrow coronary arteries (plaque in the blood vessels that go to the heart blocking O2 blood from reaching heart)
what are s/s for angina
- chest pain/ discomfort
- pain spreading to the jaw, shoulders, and back
- tiredness and SOB
what are some complications with angina
- affect ADL
- heart attack (reduced blood flow to heart for long time)
list some nursing considerations with angina
- rest patient in semi-fowlers
- monitor for chest pain
- encourage rest between activities
what is hypertension
its high blood pressure anything above 139/89 (140/90), the higher your blood pressure the more narrow your arteries get, meaning the force again the arterial wall is stronger
s/s for hypertension
- headache
- nosebleed
- occipital headaches
- most people don’t show symptoms that’s why its called the silent killer and regular BP checks are important
what are the complications for hypertention
- could affect the heart leading to coronary artery disease
- affect the kidneys damaging the blood vessels and affecting the filtration process
- brain, lead to a stroke
- and eyes lead to blindness
heart, kidney, brain, vision
what are the nursing interventions with hypertension
- stress management
- assess baseline bc hypotension could be normal for the patient
- limit sodium and alcohol intake
- assess vs and teach patient how to check their own BP
- medications
- stop smoking
- sleeping 8 hrs
- regular screening
- incorporate physical activity
what is the trade name for metoprolol
lopressor
what is the drug class for lepressor
anti-hypertensive (lowers BP) and antianginal (reduces chest pain)
what is the route for lepressor
- PO
- IV
what is the action for lepressor
lowers BP and HR by blocks fight or flight response, in high doses it blocks beta 2 which are the lungs making airways narrow and hard to breath
normally a beta 1 drug lowering BP and HR but in high doses it blocks beta 2 airways narrow and making it hard to breath
what is the TO for lepressor
lowers HR, AV conduction, and BP
what are the use or indication for metoprolol
hypertension, chest pain, acute MI
what are the adverse effects for lepressor
- hypotension
- bradycardia
- bronchospasm (bc it blocks beta 2)
list some nursing interventions for lepressor
- assess BP and pulse >if pulse is below 40 bpm tell doctor
- assess kidney (excretes med) and liver (metabolizes breaks it down) function before and after treatment
- assess for edema in the legs or feet daily to assess for fluid retention since pt has CHF
what are some patient teaching for lepressor
- beta blockers could mask HYPO/HYPERGLYCEMIC affects
- monitor weight regularly (in morning) to assess for fluid retention
- move/ change positions slowly for orthostatic hypotension
what is the trade name for nitroglycerin
minitran or nitro-dur
what is the drug class for minitran
antianginal (reduces chest pain), coronary vasodilator (opens hearts blood vessels)
what is the route for minitran
- TRANSDERMAL
- sublingual
- PO
- IV
what is the action for nitroglycerin
opens coronary arteries which are oxygenated blood vessels to allow oxygenated blood to go to the heart and reducing chest pain
what is the TO for minitran
prevents anginal attacks (chest pains bc of low oxygen going to the heart)
what is the indication and use for minitran
- chest pain
- HF
- used in surgeries to reduces BP and lower the strain on the heart
- used after a MI to reduce strain on heart by allowing O2 blood into the heart
what are the adverse effects for minitran
- headache
- orthostatic hypotension
- fainting
- dizziness
