Case Examples

Question 1

is lymphoma more likely to metastatically spread to the CNS or develop there primarily?

Answer 1

spread there metastatically

Question 2

what can make a oligodendrocytoma or astrocytoma high-grade?

Answer 2

necrosis
microvascular proliferation
pseudopallisading
mitoses
overt features of malignancy

Question 3

what is the most common glial tumor?

Answer 3

oligodendroglioma

Question 4

how many primary CNS tumors are astrocytomas?

Answer 4

20-30%

Question 5

where are astrocytomas most common?

Answer 5

white matter of cerebral hemispheres

Question 6

how many primary intracranial tumors in the dog are choroid plexus tumors?

Answer 6

7-10%

Question 7

where are choroid plexus tumors most common?

Answer 7

4th and lateral ventricles

Question 8

what do choroid plexus tumors commonly cause?

Answer 8

secondary hydrocephalus

Question 9

what is feline ischemic encephalopathy associated with?

Answer 9

aberrant migration of Cuterebra fly larvae

Question 10

who is necrotizing meningoencephalitis most common in?

Answer 10

small breed dogs

Question 11

what are the gross lesions of necrotizing meningoencephalitis?

Answer 11

asymmetrical, multifocal, bilateral areas of acute encephalitis or foci of malacia, necrosis
collapse of hemispheric gray matter

Question 12

where are the lesions of necrotizing leukoencephalitis most common?

Answer 12

white matter of cerebral hemispheres

Question 13

what are the three recognized forms of granulomatous meningoencephalitis?

Answer 13

common disseminated form
disseminated form with angiocentric expansion
focal form

Question 14

what is equine protozoal myelitis/encephalitis predominantly associated with?

Answer 14

Sarcocystis neurona

Question 15

what is equine protozoal myelitis/encephalitis associated with?

Answer 15

variably sized areas of necrosis and inflammation throughout the CNS

Question 16

what usually makes up intravascular lymphoma?

Answer 16

B cells

Question 17

where does oligodendroglioma have a predisposition for?

Answer 17

frontal, parietal, piriform, temporal lobes
periveentricular location

Question 18

are astrocytomas usually ill-defined or well-defined?

Answer 18

ill-defined

Question 19

what are higher grade choroid plexus tumors often accompanied by?

Answer 19

brisk mitotic rate
desmoplasia

Question 20

what does necrotizing leukoencephalitis typically spare?

Answer 20

meninges

Question 21

where do lesions from granulomatous meningoencephalitis tend to predominate?

Answer 21

brainstem
cervical spinal cord

Question 22

where do oligodendromas often arise?

Answer 22

frontal, parietal, piriform, or temporal lobes
peri-ventricular location

Question 23

what do oligodendromas look like grossly?

Answer 23

well-demarcated
gelatinous, maybe hemorrhage

Question 24

what do astrocytomas look like grossly?

Answer 24

ill-defined typically
can have hemorrhage

Question 25

what is the lesion like in feline ischemic encephalopathy?

Answer 25

necrotizing and eosinophil-rich
vasculitis common

Question 26

what is the etiology of necrotizing meningoencephalitis?

Answer 26

unknown, maybe autoimmune or post-infectious molecular mimicry pattern