Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient
Concentration gradient effect on speed of diffusion
Concentration gradient effects diffusion. If an area of high concentration is near an area of low concentration, the concentration gradient will be steep resulting in a faster diffusion process. Same applies for the opposite.
Temperatures effect of diffusion
If you heat a fluid its particles move faster resulting in more collisions which allows particles to move to an area of low concentration quicker. Since there are more collisions the particles will move faster - resulting in a faster rate of diffusion.
Effect of increased surface area of exchange area on rate of diffusion
Increased surface area allows a bigger exchange area. This lets particles in a high area of concentration move into an area of low concentration through more wall surface area.
Osmosis
The process by where a partially permeable cell membrane-allows water to pass through. This allows the fluid in normally it wouldnt
Active transport
Allows cells to move substances from and area if low concentration to an area of high concentration against the concentration gradient. This requires energy.
Amount of chromosomes per cell and which cell dont have 46
46 per cell and gametes dont have 46 but 21
Isotonic
If the concentration of the solute in the solution outside the cell is same as the internal concentration
Hypertonic
If the concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is higher than the internal concentration of the cell
Hypotonic
If the concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is higher than the internal concentration
Plasmolysis
If more is lost by osmosis, the vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and eventually the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall
