What is an eukaryotic cell?
Give an example?
Cells that contain a nucleus.
Animal and plant cells.
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Give an example?
Cells without a nucleus.
Bacteria.
What is a plasmid?
Which type of cells contain plasmids?
Single loop of DNA.
Prokaryotic cells.
What is the role of the nucleus?
Contains the generic material
What is the role of the cell membrane?
Controls the movement of substance in and out of the cell.
What is the role of the mitochondria?
Site of aerobic respiration.
What is the role of the ribosomes?
Site of protein synthesis.
What happens in the cytoplasm?
Site of chemical reactions.
Where in the plant cells does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplasts
What is the role of the cell wall?
What type of cells have a cell wall?
Provides structure to plant cells.
Plant cells.
What is a stem cell?
Undifferentiated cells
What is a specialised cell?
A cell which is adapted to their function.
What are the prefixes for:
10^-2
10^-3
10^-6
10^-9
-centi
-milli
-micro
-nano
Identify 4 sub-cellular structure found in an animal cell?
Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
- Nucleus
- Ribosomes
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic
What are the 3 sub-cellular structures only found in plant cells?
- Cell wall
- Vacuole
- Chloroplasts
Are they eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells?
Identify 2 structures found in bacterial cells?
Prokaryotic.
- plasmids
- flagella
Recall the equation used to calculate magnification?
Image size
Magnification = —————
Actual size
What are the advantages of an electron microscope?
- Higher magnification
- Higher resolving power
What technique should be used when culturing microbes?
How would you measure the effectiveness of an antibiotic?
Spread a layer of bacteria on an agar plate using aseptic technique.
Add disks of different antibiotics to the plate. Incubate for a few days.
Measure the area around the disks with no bacterial growth.
Why do cells need to divide?
What are the 5 stages of cell division?
How many cells are produced?
How do they compare to the parent cell?
Cells divide so that our bodies can grow and repair.
- Cell grows
- Organelles are copied
- Chromosomes are doubled
- Mitosis (nucleus divides)
- Cell membrane and cytoplasm divide
Two
Identical
What are the three types of stem cells?
- embryonic
- adult
- meristem (plants)
Describe the process of diffusion?
Give an example of diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Oxygen from lungs to blood
Describe the process of osmosis?
The movement of water from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a semi permeable membrane.
Describe the process of active transport?
Give an example of active transport?
The movement of particles against a concentration gradient (low to high concentration) it requires energy.
Glucose from guts to blood, mineral ions from soil to roots
