Cell Cycle

Question 1

Asexual reproduction

Answer 1

Reproduction through cellular division

Question 2

Sexual reproduction

Answer 2

Reproduction through fusion of gametes

Question 3

Binary fission

Answer 3

1. cell grows
2. DNA is duplicated
3. DNA is segregated
4. Cytokinesis

Question 4

Eukaryotic chromosomes

Answer 4

Linear pieces of DNA wrapped in proteins

Question 5

Heterochromatin

Answer 5

Inactive areas of DNA

Question 6

Euchromatin

Answer 6

Highly active areas of DNA

Question 7

Chromosome

Answer 7

Linear piece of double stranded DNA wrapped in protein

Question 8

Sister chromatids

Answer 8

Two copies of chromosome attached to each other at centromere

Question 9

Cohesins

Answer 9

Proteins that allow sister chromatids to stick together

Question 10

Karyotype

Answer 10

Condensed chromosomes for a given organism

Question 11

Homologous chromosome

Answer 11

Similar but not identical

Question 12

Cell cycle

Answer 12

Cell growth and chromosome replication ——-> chromosome segregation ——-> cell division

Question 13

Interphase

Answer 13

Period of cellular growth and DNA replication

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

Segregation of DNA

Question 15

Cytokinesis

Answer 15

Shortest phase and the division of cytoplasm

Question 16

G1 (interphase)

Answer 16

Period after mitosis of rapid cellular growth

Question 17

S (synthesis)

Answer 17

Time of DNA replication and production of sister chromatids

Question 18

G2

Answer 18

Slow cell growth, prepares for mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 19

Cyclin

Answer 19

Leads to RB inactivity leading to un increase in cell turnover

Question 21

Necrosis

Answer 21

Unprogrammed or accidental cell death

Question 22

Apoptosis

Answer 22

Programmed cell death

Question 23

Phases of mitosis

Answer 23

l. Prophase
2.prometaphase
3.metaphase
4.anaphase
5.telophase

Question 24

Of

Question 25

prometaphase

Answer 25

nuclear enevlope dissapears

Question 26

metaphase

Answer 26

chromosomes align at midline

Question 27

Anaphase

Answer 27

sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles

Question 28

Telophase

Answer 28

nuclear enevelope forms around each set of chromosomes

Question 29

cytokinesis

Answer 29

division of cellular contents

Question 30

Mitosis

Answer 30

all of body's cell division

Question 31

meiosis

Answer 31

production of gametes

Question 32

Meiosis I

Answer 32

-Starts after DNA duplication -Genetic material exchnaged between homologust chromosomes

Question 33

Crossing over

Answer 33

Genetic info is shared/exchanged

Question 34

Prosphase I

Answer 34

tetrad formed by synapsis of homologus chromosomes

Question 35

Metaphase I

Answer 35

align at middle

Question 36

Anaphase I/Telophase I

Answer 36

homologus chromosomes seperate and sister chromatids remain together

Question 37

Meiosis II

Answer 37

no further chromosomal replication sister chromatids separate creating 4n cells

Question 38

Nondisjunction

Answer 38

-homologous pair fails to separate at anaphase I -sister chromatids fail to seperate at anaphase II Results----> incorrect # of chromosomes in gametes

Question 39

Aneuploidy

Answer 39

cells that have unusual chromosome arrangement