Why must cells remain small?
Cells must remain small to have easier transport. They need easier transport to move proteins in and out the cell whenever needed.
Why do cells divide?
Cells divide to repair damage, remain small, and to replace dying cells.
What are the two different types of cells?
The two different types of cells are, Somatic cells, and Sex cells.
What is Mitosis?
Mitosis is the process where somatic cells divide.
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is the process where sex cells divide.
What is chromatin?
Chromatin is the spaghetti like mass of DNA inside the nucleus.
What is a chromosome?
A chromosome is long strands of DNA wrapped around histone proteins that are then packed together to form tight loops creating the structure of the chromosome. Chromosomes are formed when the cell needs to divide, to insure that the new cell has the same amount of DNA in it.
What is a Sister chromatid?
A sister chromatid is the replica of the first strand of DNA when forming a chromosome.
Chromosomes in humans
Humans get 23 pairs of chromosomes from each parent. If you are make you are X,Y if you are female, you are X,X
What are the stages of Mitosis?
The stages of Mitosis are I.P.M.A.T. which stands for, Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and lastly Telophase.
What happenes in step one of Mitosis (Interphase) ?
In the interphase process, the cell grows, all the DNA gets copied, and all the organelles and proteins get copied.
What happens in the second phase of mitosis (prophase)?
In this step, the nucleus disappears, chromosomes form, 2 centrosomes form, and spindle fibers form.
What happenes in the third step of Mitosis (metaphase)?
In this step, chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell, the centrosomes migrate to the poles, and the spindle fibers attach the the chromosome centrosomes.
What happens in the fourth step in mitosis (anaphase)?
In this step, the chromosomes get pulled apart in opposite directions, the cell elongates, and the cleavage furrow forms.
What happens in the firth, last, step in mitosis (telophase)?
In this step, the cell gets completely pinched off creating the new cell, the nucleus re appears, the spindle fibers disappear, the centrosomes disappear, the chromosomes unwind back into chromatin. We now have two genetically identical cells.
