Cells & Microscopes

Question 1

characteristics of living things (7)

Answer 1

1- Display order
2- Have energy and metabolism
3- Grow an develop
4-Homeostasis (state of being)
5- Reproduction
6- Adapt to environment
7- Response to stimuli

Question 2

Parts to modern cell theory (3)

Answer 2

1- All cells are made from other cells
2- All living things are made of cells
3- Cells are the basic unit of structure and function

Question 3

3 things all living things do

Answer 3

-Respire (breathe)
-Excrete
-Replicate

Question 4

what does totipotent mean

Answer 4

Each cell can perform all the functions of the cell in an organism

Question 5

microscopy

Answer 5

the use of a microscope

Question 6

what do animal cells look like

Answer 6

curved or curcular

Question 7

what do plant cells look like

Answer 7

straight square edges

Question 8

types of electron microscopes (2)

Answer 8

-transmission
-scanning

Question 9

surface area =

Answer 9

volume ratio

Question 10

types of cells (2)

Answer 10

prokaryotic
eukaryotic

Question 11

What don’t prokaryotic cells have

Answer 11

Membrane bound organelles
nucleus

Question 12

How do prokaryotes reproduce

Answer 12

Binary Fission

Question 13

How is Prokaryotic DNA held

Answer 13

In a single-celled chromsome

Question 14

5 Types Eukaryotic cells

Answer 14

animal
plant
fungi
algae
protozoa

Question 15

How do Eukaryotes hold their DNA

Answer 15

multi-cellular chromosomes

Question 16

Do both animal and plant cells have a vacuole

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t

Answer 17

chlorophyl
chloroplast
Cell wall

Question 18

What do animal cells have that plant cells don’t

Answer 18

centrosomes
lysosomes

Question 18

What shape is bacterial flagellum

Answer 18

spiral shaped

Question 19

What is Archea

Answer 19

Bacteria that live in odd environments (EX: hot springs, acidic waters)

Question 20

What Eukaryote are humans most alike

Answer 20

Fungi

Question 21

6 Functions of the nucleus

Answer 21

-Stores genes in chromosomes
-Organize the genes into chromosomes which allow the cell to divide
-Transports gene products through nuclear pores
-mRNA is sent into the cytoplasm
-Produces ribosomes
-Organizes the uncoiling of DNA to reveal certain genes at certain times

Question 22

What is the only thing you can see under a light microscope

Answer 22

nucleus

Question 23

Part of the nucleus

Answer 23

Nuclear envelope
Nucleoplasm (liquid)
Nucleolus
Chromosomes(DNA)

Question 24

The more nuclear pores a cell has the more... (plus example)

Answer 24

the cell is doing ( bald hair proteins have very little because they aren't producing hair

Question 25

Two types of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 25

rough smooth

Question 26

Why is rough ER rough

Answer 26

ribosomes are stuck to it

Question 27

2 things rough ER does

Answer 27

produces a protein and stuffs it inside itself synthesizes proteins

Question 28

Is rough or smooth ER closer to the nucleus

Answer 28

rough

Question 29

What does smooth ER look like

Answer 29

a collection of tubes

Question 30

Where is smooth ER found (3)

Answer 30

liver testes ovaries

Question 31

What does smooth ER do

Answer 31

lipid synthesis detoxes drugs and toxins

Question 32

Where is Sarcoplasmic Reticulum found

Answer 32

in smooth ER in smooth and striated muscles (not the heart)

Question 33

what does Sarcoplasmic Reticulum do

Answer 33

pumps calcium to cause muscle striation

Question 34

What are vesicles

Answer 34

pieces of ER that has budded off and is being carried to the Golgi Apparatus

Question 35

What do ribosomes do

Answer 35

Produce secretory proteins such as antibodies

Question 36

Who discovered the Golgi Apparatus and when

Answer 36

Senor Golgi in 1898

Question 37

What does the Golgi Apparatus look like

Answer 37

a stack of disks

Question 38

faces of Golgi Apparatus, how they look, and what they do

Answer 38

Trans face is concave (buds off and leaves) Cis face is (vesicles come in)

Question 39

What does the Golgi Apparatus do (5)

Answer 39

labels, sorts, and stores adrenaline in synthesized Mucus from the intestine is synthesized Processes protein and lipids Adds mannose 6 phosphate

Question 40

What are Lysosomes compaired to

Answer 40

Sarcan

Question 41

What do Lysosomes contain

Answer 41

40 enzymes

Question 42

What do Lysosomes do (4)

Answer 42

-Intercellular digestion (digest what's between cells, not being used) -Heterophagic digestion (digest foreign bodies EX: white blood cells -Autolysis (Apoptosis- programmed cell death) EX: cells between your fingers die to create a space between fingers -cell division (during prophase the nuclear membrane breaks down)

Question 43

3 things found in Prokaryotic cells

Answer 43

ribsomes cell wall cell membrane

Question 44

What organelle is typically found in animal cells, but not in plant cells

Answer 44

centrioles

Question 45

Who is credited for cell theory

Answer 45

Mathias Schleiden Theodore Schwan

Question 46

Is smooth Er the site of glycosylation for proteins

Answer 46

NO

Question 47

Are lysosomes double-membrane bound

Answer 47

no

Question 48

What are centrioles made of

Answer 48

a protein called Tubulin

Question 49

Is the Nuclear pore of Nucleolus more complex

Answer 49

Nuclear pore

Question 50

Prokaryotic Vs Eukaryotic How many cells? Size of ribosomes? Has a cytoskeleton? Reproduction type?

Answer 50

Pro Euk unicellular multicellular small large no yes asexual asexual or sexual

Question 51

What is ATP

Answer 51

source of energy for use and storage in cells

Question 52

Glycocalyx

Answer 52

a covering which surrounds cell membranes of bacteria, and other cells

Question 53

3 types of microbodies

Answer 53

peroxisomes glycosomes glyoxisomes

Question 54

peroxisomes

Answer 54

break down what lysosomes can't and remove toxic peroxides

Question 55

Glycosomes

Answer 55

similar to peroxisomes found in protozoa

Question 56

glyoxisomes

Answer 56

peroxisomes found in plants especially oil producing plants

Question 57

what does the mitochondria do

Answer 57

generates ATP which powers the cell

Question 58

Where does mitochondrial DNA come from

Answer 58

our mothers

Question 59

Where are chloroplasts found

Answer 59

plant cells

Question 60

What do chloroplasts do

Answer 60

photosythesis

Question 61

chromoplast

Answer 61

plant pigment other than green

Question 62

leukeoplast

Answer 62

white and filled with fat

Question 63

amyoplast

Answer 63

filled with amylaze

Question 64

statolith

Answer 64

makes stones in stone fruits, and what makes pears gritty

Question 65

elements of cytoskeleton

Answer 65

microtubules microfilaments intermediate filaments

Question 66

microfilaments (4)

Answer 66

made from actin 2 stands twisted together found in muscle tissue how Amoeba move

Question 67

Microtubules

Answer 67

around Nuclei tubes made of 2 types of tubulin can be built and taken apart fast and easy

Question 68

intermediate filaments

Answer 68

give cell shape anchors things so they don't sink made of keratin