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NMAT Psychology > CEM > Flashcards

CEM Flashcards

1
Q

When Rita fights with her older brother, she starts off rationally but ends up in tears, stamping her foot, or throwing objects in all directions. The defense mechanism displayed in this situation is - suppression - repression - regression - projection

A

REGRESSION

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2
Q

In which of the following instances is PROJECTION displayed? - Letty channels her angry feelings into her bowling - Norie is extra sweet to her sister even though deep inside she resents the latter’s popularity - Romy justifies his cheating on exam by claiming that everyone else does it - Greg convinces himself that the girl who jilted him is not really so desirable

A

*Romy justifies his cheating on exam by claiming that everyone else does it *

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3
Q

Learning may be more difficult for deaf children because - the hearing in the brain is connected to the comprehension area - they cannot imitate information immediately - they learn a private language which affects the real language - they have to learn with reduced level of feedback

A

* they have to learn with a reduced level of feedback *

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4
Q

All of the following will increase the ability of a stimulus to capture attention except - contrast - habituation - intensity - repetition

A

HABITUATION

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5
Q

The view that psychopathology is the result of inadequate resolution of certain developmental stages rather than learned way of behaving separates - Gestalt therapy from reality therapy - Psychoanalysis from behavior therapy - Client-centered therapy from psychoanalysis - Rational-emotive therapy from behavior therapy

A

* Psychoanalysis from Behavior Therapy *

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6
Q

Which of the following best illustrates HEURISTIC AVAILABILITY? - to determine whether someone is an accountant, I compare his traits to an average accountant - to determine whether someone is trustworthy, I try to recall instances of such behavior - to determine my impression of someone, I combine the available bits of information to find an average - to determine whether someone is trustworthy, I engage in decoding

A

* to determine whether someone is trustworthh, I try to recall instances of such behavior *

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7
Q

Which of the following are the problems in experimental research in psychology? - demand characteristics - Hawthorne Effect - Halo Effect - Random Assignment

A

HALO EFFECT HAWTHORNE EFFECT DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS

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8
Q

What factor may prevent diffusion of responsibility from occuring? - an ambiguous situation - the presence of many people - the presence of someone who initiates helping - the occurrence of an emergency in a public place

A

* the occurrence of emergency in a public place *

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9
Q

According to behaviorist, phobias are learned through - desentization - modeling - classical conditioning - operant conditioning

A

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

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10
Q

A child is conditioned to fear a furry black cat. Soon, she becomes fearful of any black object. This response is an example of - negative transfer - spontaneous recovery - operant conditioning - stimulus generalization

A

STIMULUS GENERALIZATION

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11
Q

According to ROGER’s SELF THEORY, all individuals have an innate tendency to - repress sexual urges - be aggressive and punish people - move in direction of positive change - examine others’ mental experiences and activities

A

* move in the direction of POSITIVE CHANGE *

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12
Q

After a musical concert, a man complained that he heard little of the music due to the frequent shuffling and throat-clearing in the audience. His companion, however, expressed his satisfaction over the concert. This difference in experience is related to - subliminal threshold - sensory adaptation - selective attention - just noticeable difference

A

* SELECTIVE ATTENTION*

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13
Q

In which areas do man’s impulses most frequently conflict with the moral standards of society? - sex - aggression - independence - self- assertion

A

SEX & AGRESSION

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14
Q

Which parent is most likely to produce a competent and self- reliant child? - a loving, permissive parent who makes no demands on the child - a loving parent who is firm and consistent - a parent who provides educational toys but does not mind if the house is disorganized - a parent who laysdown rules on the house and trusts that the child will follow them

A

* a loving parent who is FIRM and CONSISTENT *

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15
Q

Which of the following is NOT a GESTALT PRINCIPLE of perceptual organization? - proximity - continuation - differentiation - closure

A

DIFFERENTIATION

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16
Q

Under relaxed cirsumstances, most people remember uncompleted tasks better than they do completed tasks. This is known as - von Rstorff effect - Zeigarnik effect - Greenspoon effect - Muller-Lyer illusion

A

ZEIGARNIK EFFECT

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17
Q

According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive growth, an adult who makes decisions based on what fortune tellers tell him is functioning at the - operational stage - sensorimotor level - preoperational level - formal operational level

A

PREOPERATIONAL LEVEL

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18
Q

The minimum intensity that a stimulus must achieve before it can be perceived is known as - minima - sublimal - percept - threshold

A

THRESHOLD

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19
Q

What is the synaptic transmitter responsible for inhibiting the sensation for pain? - dopamine - epinephrine - enekephalin - thorazine

A

ENKEPHALIN

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20
Q

Mark is a young man who tends to withdrW from others. He has flight of ideas and often shows inappropriate effect. He claims to hear voices calling him “Jesus-The Savior”. Most probably, Mark is exhibiting symptoms of - affective disorder - generalized anxiety - panic reaction - schizophrenia

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

21
Q

A child was presented a very detailed picture for a short time. When the picture was removed, the child was able to describe the picture to the least detail. This illustrates the phenomenon called - illusion - hallucination - auditory imagery -eidetic imagery

A

EIDETIC IMAGERY

22
Q

When a person under stress slips back to an earlier psychosexual level, the mechanism involved is - fixation - identification - repression - regression

A

REGRESSION

23
Q

If one could influence the bending of a metal rod by merely thinking a about it, this would be an example of - clairvoyance - psychokinesis - precognition - telepathy

A

PSYCHOKINESIS

24
Q

Which of the following descriptions refers to discovery? - combining known elements to produce something new - spread of cultural elements from one individual group to another - initial awareness of existing but unobserved elements of nature

A

*initial awareness of existing but unobserved elements of nature*

25
Q

Which is of the following is true of stereotypes? - they usually give an accurate account of the personal behavior of members of a group - knowledge of stereotypes leads to more effective responses - they are always based on empirical research - Many people interact initially with the stereotype rather than the true person

A

*Many people interact initially with the stereotype rather than the true person*

26
Q

Archeologist have found evidence to show the widespread use of local pottery wares throughout the Philippines during the later part of the New Stone Age. This would imply that prehistoric Filipinos must have - already discarded their use of stone tools - developed new ways of preparing food - discovered clay deposits throughout the country

A

*developed new ways of preparing food*

27
Q

The caste system generally differs from the class system because caste system is - more complex - less rigid - more rigid - less ranked

A

more rigid

28
Q

Since the process of social interaction conditions an individual to accept his social class,then its effect of social class is - modifying - preserving - replacing - reordering

A

*preserving*

29
Q

Which of the following condition is true under the FACIST SYSTEM? - Labor unions are indpendent and are not under state influence - Private ownership of business by individual is permitted - Business is owned by the government but leased to private individuals - the government owns and runs all businesses

A

* Private ownership of business by individual is permitted *

30
Q

Define Sociology

A

A study of Human groups, their customs and institutions, and their development at all times and places

31
Q

People can best show enculturation when they learn to

  • be refined
  • act as people
  • love one another
  • talk, act, and think in acceptable way
A

talk, act, and think in acceptable way

Enculturation is the gradual acquisition of the characteristics and norms of a culture or group by a person, another culture,

32
Q

Proverbs often provide useful insights into people’s

  • legal processes
  • value origins
  • value system
  • political processes
A

value system

33
Q

Which of the ff indicates an open class society?

  • a member of the minority grp becomes the president of a big business enterprise
  • an outcast was put to death for trying to approach a member of the ruling class
  • a son inhetis the lowly job of his father in spite of his superior talent and interest in another occupational field
  • a boy from the elite group marries the girl he loves from the working class
A
  • a member of the minority grp becomes the president of a big business enterprise

and

  • a boy from the elite group marries the girl he loves from the working class
34
Q

Which of the ff examples of social norms are folkways?

  • going to cementery to visit the dead on All Saint’s Day
  • Santacruzan in May
  • Showing compassion for unfotunates in society
  • performing one’s duties as head of the family
A
  • going to cementery to visit the dead on All Saint’s Day
  • Santacruzan in May
35
Q

Which of the ff patters of beliefs that serve to guide, control, and regulate conduct

( folkway, values, norms, mores)

A

Norms

36
Q

Any human action which is considered sufficiently out of the ordinary as to be regarded as unique or unpresedented is

(an innovation, a diffusion, an invention, a deviant act)

A

innovation

37
Q

The autority fostering beleif in the competence of individuals discharging statutory obligation is

(charismatic authority, traditional authority, legal authority, functional authority)

A

legal authority

38
Q

Changes in culture are said to be **endogenous **when they

  • drastically destabilize the culture
  • do not affect the culture
  • comes fro outside of one’s culture
  • comes from within the culture
A

comes from within the culture

39
Q

Which of the following is considered the most valid criticism of Marxist’s model of society?

  • the forces that reduce the polarization of classes
  • emphasis on class dictatorship
  • polarization of society into two conflicting groups
  • overemphasis on the importance of economic class to explain historical trends
A

-overemphasis on the importance of economic class to explain historical trends

40
Q

All of the following are examples of a sanction, EXCEPT

  • confessing a crime to authorities
  • sentencing a murder to death
  • slapping the palms of a bad boy
  • getting a failing mark for cheating in exams
A
  • confessing a crime to authorities
41
Q

Which instance supports the notion that culture is learned?

  • a modern Chinese woman no longer followed the practice of binding her feet because of its impracticality
  • a child whose parents were very strict grew up to be shy and withdrawn
  • a Visayan girl became fluent in Tagalog after years stay in Manila
  • A vegetarian who has to eat pork because there is nothing else to eat
A
  • a Visayan girl became fluent in Tagalog after years stay in Manila
42
Q

Which of the following can be said of both comic books and da Vinci’s art?

  • they emphasize the absence of culture
  • they showed the contrast “culture vs uncultured”
  • they both illustrate some facets of man’s culture
  • they are concerned with each one’s quality
A
  • they both illustrate some facets of man’s culture
43
Q

When faced with a tragic situation, women are allowed to express their grief freely while men are expected to be quiet and stoic. This illustrates a

( norm, value, more, folkway)

A

norm

44
Q

Ethnic minorities, adolescent gangs, religious groups, and exclusive clubs for the elite are examples of groups usually present in complex societies. They exhibit thier own peculiar or unique behavior which is tolerated by the greater society as long as they do not endanger societal values. These groups fall under the category called

( institution, kinship, subculture, community)

A

subculture

45
Q

According to Pepinsky, which of the following is the most effective form of social control among Chinese communist?

  • group manipulation of guilt and shame
  • surveillance system
  • party directives
  • written laws
A
  • group manipulation of guilt and shame
46
Q

Which of the ff. is NOT a characteristic of bureaucracy?

  • specialization
  • merit appointment and job tenure
  • chain of command
  • informality and autonomy
A
  • informality and autonomy
47
Q

What is the primary function of religion in human sociey?

A

establish an orderly relationship between man and his surroundings

48
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of the relationship among members of large secondary groups?

  • primary relations tend to persist in the form of intimate cliniques
  • there is emphasis on the efficiency by which people accomplish their jobs
  • it is unlikely that every member is aware of every other member
  • the goal is to provide for the personal needs of the members

-

A
  • the goal is to provide for the personal needs of the members

NMAT Psychology (2 decks)

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