Ch. 1 & 2 Vocab

Question 0

Any substance that has a definite composition

Answer 0

Chemical

Question 1

The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

A measure of the amount of matter

Answer 2

Mass

Question 3

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Answer 3

Matter

Question 4

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element

Answer 4

Atom

Question 5

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom

Answer 5

Element

Question 6

A substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

Answer 6

Compound

Question 7

Depends on the amount of matter that is present

Answer 7

Extensive properties

Question 8

Do not depend on the amount of matter present

Answer 8

Intensive properties

Question 9

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

Answer 9

Physical property

Question 10

A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

Answer 10

Physical change

Question 11

A physical change of a substance from one state to another

Answer 11

Change of state

Question 12

Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape

Answer 12

Solid

Question 13

Matter that has a definite volume but an indefinite shape

Answer 13

Liquid

Question 14

Matter that has neither a definite volume nor definite shape

Answer 14

Gas

Question 15

The high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms

Answer 15

Plasma

Question 16

Relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

Answer 16

Chemical property

Question 17

A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Answer 17

Chemical change/ Chemical reaction

Question 18

The vertical columns of the periodic table

Answer 18

Groups/ families

Question 19

The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table

Answer 19

Periods

Question 20

An element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor

Answer 20

Metal

Question 21

An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 21

Nonmetal

Question 22

An element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals

Answer 22

Metalloid

Question 23

A specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during experiment or observation

Answer 23

System

Question 24

A testable statement

Answer 24

Hypothesis

Question 25

More than a physical object: it is often explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related

Answer 25

Model

Question 26

A brawl generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena

Answer 26

Theory

Question 27

Something that has magnitude, size, or amount

Answer 27

Quantity

Question 28

A measure of the gravitational pull on matter

Answer 28

Weight

Question 29

Le Système International d'Unités

Answer 29

SI

Question 30

Combinations of SI base units

Answer 30

Derived units

Question 31

The amount of space occupied by an object

Answer 31

Volume

Question 32

The ratio of mass to volume, or mass divided by volume

Answer 32

Density

Question 33

A ratio derived from the quality between two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to the other

Answer 33

Conversion factor

Question 34

A mathematical technique that allows you to use used to solve problems involving measurements

Answer 34

Dimensional analysis

Question 35

Refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or excepted value of the quantity measured

Answer 35

Accuracy

Question 36

Refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

Answer 36

Precision

Question 37

Calculated by subtracting the accepted value from the experimental value, dividing the difference by the accepted value, and then multiplying by 100

Answer 37

Percentage error

Question 38

Consists of all of the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated

Answer 38

Significant figures

Question 39

Numbers that are written in the form M times 10 to the n power where the factor M is a number greater than or equal to one but less than 10 and n is a whole number

Answer 39

Scientific notation

Question 40

Two quantities are _______ to each other if dividing one by the other gives a constant value

Answer 40

Directly proportional

Question 41

Two quantities are _______ to each other if their product is constant

Answer 41

Inversely proportional

Question 66

A logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data

Answer 66

Scientific method