Ch. 4 & 5 Vocab

Question 0

All the forms of electromagnetic radiation form the……

Answer 0

Electromagnetic spectrum

Question 1

A form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space

Answer 1

Electromagnetic radiation

Question 2

The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Answer 2

Wavelength

Question 3

Is defined as the number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time

Answer 3

Frequency

Question 4

Refers to the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal

Answer 4

Photoelectric effect

Question 5

The minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom

Answer 5

Quantum

Question 6

A particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy

Answer 6

Photon

Question 7

The lowest energy state of an atom

Answer 7

Ground state

Question 8

A state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has at its ground state

Answer 8

Excited state

Question 9

The spectrum on which bands of light are visible

Answer 9

Line-emission spectrum

Question 10

The emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation

Answer 10

Continuous spectrum

Question 11

States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle

Answer 11

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Question 12

Describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles

Answer 12

Quantum theory

Question 13

Three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron

Answer 13

Orbital

Question 14

Specify the properties of atomic orbitals in the properties of electrons in orbitals

Answer 14

Quantum numbers

Question 15

Symbolized by n, indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron

Answer 15

Principal quantum number

Question 16

Symbolized by l, indicates the shape of the orbital

Answer 16

Angular momentum quantum number

Question 17

Symbolized by m, indicates the orientation of an electron around the nucleus

Answer 17

Magnetic quantum number

Question 18

The arrangement of electrons in and atom is known as…

Answer 18

Electron configuration

Question 19

States that in the electron occupies the lowest energy orbital can receive it.

Answer 19

Aufdau principle

Question 20

No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Answer 20

Pauli exclusion principle

Question 21

Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state

Answer 21

Hund’s rule

Question 22

The group 18 elements are called….

Answer 22

Noble gases

Question 23

Refers to our main energy level occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons

Answer 23

Noble gas configuration

Question 24

Physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

Answer 24

Periodic law

Question 25

And arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall on the same column, or groups

Answer 25

Periodic table

Question 26

The 14 elements with atomic numbers from 58 to 71

Answer 26

Lanthanides

Question 27

The 14 elements with atomic numbers from 90 to 103

Answer 27

Actinides

Question 28

The elements of group one of the periodic table are known as…(lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, Cesium, and francium)

Answer 28

Alkali metals

Question 29

The elements of group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, in radium)

Answer 29

Alkaline earth metals

Question 30

The D-block elements are metals with typical metallic properties and are often referred to as…

Answer 30

Transition elements

Question 31

The P-block elements together with the S-block elements are called…

Answer 31

Main group elements

Question 32

The elements of group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine) are known as...

Answer 32

Halogens

Question 33

Defined as one half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together

Answer 33

Atomic radius

Question 34

And atomor group of bonded atoms that have positive or negative charge

Answer 34

Ion

Question 35

Any process that results in the formation of an ion

Answer 35

Ionization

Question 36

The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element

Answer 36

Ionization energy, IE

Question 37

The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by neutral atom

Answer 37

Electron affinity

Question 38

A positive ion

Answer 38

Cation

Question 39

A Negative ion

Answer 39

Anion

Question 40

The electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds

Answer 40

Valence electrons

Question 41

A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another in the compound

Answer 41

Electronegativity