Ch 1 Exam 1

Question 1

For what is Robert Hooke known?

Answer 1

-first to describe cells/use the word cell
-built a simple microscope to look at cork

Question 2

For what is Francisco Redi known?

Answer 2

-disproved “spontaneous generation”
-gave rise to GERM THEORY idea

Question 3

For what is Antonie van Leeuwenhoek known?

Answer 3

-observed first living cells (First to see protozoa and bacteria)
-called cells “animalcules”

Question 4

For what is Matthias Schleiden known?

Answer 4

plant tissue

Question 5

For what is Theodor Schwann known?

Answer 5

plants and animal cells

Question 6

For what is Rudolf Carl Virchow known?

Answer 6

CELLTHEORY
cells come from other cells

Question 7

For what is Louis Pasteur known?

Answer 7

-helped Redi give rise to GERM THEORY and disapprove spontaneous generation

Question 8

For what is Alexander Fleming known?

Answer 8

father of antibiotics (penicillin)

Question 9

For what is Rosalind Franklin known?

Answer 9

xray to discover DNA’s HELIX structure

Question 10

For what are Watson and Crick known?

Answer 10

discovered DNA’s DOUBLE helix structure

Question 11

What are the 5 characteristics of living things?

Answer 11

-composed of cells
-grow and develop
- regulate their metabolic process
- respond to stimuli (adapt)
-reproduce

Question 12

List the levels of organization in order (chemical)

Answer 12

-cell
-tissue
-organ
-organ system
-organism

Question 13

What is a Tissue?

Answer 13

Cells associate to form tissues

Question 14

What is an Organ?

Answer 14

Tissues form organs

Question 15

What is an Organ System?

Answer 15

Tissues and organs make up organ systems.

Question 16

What is the smallest unit of life?

Answer 16

a cell

Question 17

What is metabolism?

Answer 17

all chemical activities that take place in an organism

Question 18

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 18

regulate metabolic processes to maintain a balanced internal environment

Question 19

What is science?

Answer 19

”Science is a way of thinking and a method of investigating the natural world in a systematic manner.

Question 20

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 20

going from general to specific

Question 21

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 21

going from specific to general

Question 22

What is the scientific method?

Answer 22

the process of science

Question 23

What are the Steps in the scientific method?

Answer 23

observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion, repeat

Question 24

What does “observation” mean?

Answer 24

to look at or watch something to gain information

Question 25

What does “hypothesis” mean?

Answer 25

a falsifiable explanation for observations

Question 26

What is an experiment?

Answer 26

a procedure done to test a hypothesis

Question 27

What does “conclusion” mean?

Answer 27

a statement based on the outcome of the expirament

Question 28

Why must the scientific method include the 5th step, “repeat?”

Answer 28

there can be mistakes in an experiment

Question 29

What is experimental design?

Answer 29

planning a set of procedures to investigate a relationship between variables

Question 30

What is an Experimental Variable?

Answer 30

the factors that differ between the test and the control samples

Question 31

What is a Response Variable?

Answer 31

what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment (dependent)

Question 32

What is a test group?

Answer 32

the group that receives the variable being tested in an experiment.

Question 33

What is a control group?

Answer 33

-not experimented on

Question 34

What is a placebo?

Answer 34

-ex. a harmless starch pill similar in size, shape, color, and taste to the pill being tested

Question 35

What are data?

Answer 35

information such as facts and numbers used to analyze something or make decisions

Question 36

What is a scientific theory?

Answer 36

an explanation of some aspect of the natural world

Question 37

What is a scientific law?

Answer 37

describe or predict a range of natural phenomena (based on repeated experiments or observations)

Question 38

List the major scientific theories of biology & science

Answer 38

Cell Theory-New cells are formed only by the division of previously existing cells Theory of Evolution- the process by which populations of organisms change over time natural selection- present forms of life descended, with modifications, from previously existing forms. Germ Theory-